The mesentery as the epicenter for intestinal regeneration

García‐Arrarás, José E.; Bello, Samir A.; Malavez, Sonya

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.09.001

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Within two weeks, the lumen forms and the reconstitution of mucosal epithelium is achieved by the intrusion of tubular projections of the mucosal epithelium that migrate from anterior and posterior ends. It is important to highlight the role of the mesentery during all the intestinal regeneration process, since new cells originate from this structure as well as the extracellular signals that modulate the whole process 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Efforts in understanding the regeneration of the holothurian digestive tract have provided important insights on the cellular processes involved in organogenesis. Experiments have identified the fundamental role of the cells in the mesentery during intestinal regeneration 17 . In normal, non-eviscerated animals, the mesentery extends along the interior body wall providing support to the intestine.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Transcriptomic analysis of early stages of intestinal regeneration in Holothuria glaberrima

Quispe-Parra

Medina-Feliciano

Cruz-González

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Echinoderms comprise a group of animals with impressive regenerative capabilities. They can replace complex internal organs following injury or autotomy. In holothurians or sea cucumbers, cellular processes of intestinal regeneration have been extensively studied. The molecular machinery behind this faculty, however, remains to be understood. Here we assembled and annotated a de novo transcriptome using RNA-seq data consisting of regenerating and non-regenerating intestinal tissues from the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. Comparisons of differential expression were made using the mesentery as a reference against 24 h and 3 days regenerating intestine, revealing a large number of differentially expressed transcripts. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis showed evidence of increasing transcriptional activity. Further analysis of transcripts associated with transcription factors revealed diverse expression patterns with mechanisms involving developmental and cancer-related activity that could be related to the regenerative process. Our study demonstrates the broad and diversified gene expression profile during the early stages of the process using the mesentery as the focal point of intestinal regeneration. It also establishes the genes that are the most important candidates in the cellular processes that underlie regenerative responses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of early stages of intestinal regeneration in Holothuria glaberrima

Quispe-Parra

Medina-Feliciano

Cruz-González

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…It has been shown that coelomic epithelial cells in holothurians and crinoids can be involved in the formation of luminal epithelium of the gut [ 46 , 47 , 48 ]; in holothurians and sea urchins, it is involved in muscle development and regeneration [ 9 , 34 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. Its cells are first to respond to damage, undergoing dedifferentiation and beginning to migrate and proliferate [ 42 , 43 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Thus, coelomic epithelium in echinoderms is a system with quite substantial histoblastic potencies [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Aspects of Regeneration Mechanisms in Holothurians

Dolmatov

2021

Genes

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Holothurians, or sea cucumbers, belong to the phylum Echinodermata. They show good regenerative abilities. The present review provides an analysis of available data on the molecular aspects of regeneration mechanisms in holothurians. The genes and signaling pathways activated during the asexual reproduction and the formation of the anterior and posterior parts of the body, as well as the molecular mechanisms that provide regeneration of the nervous and digestive systems, are considered here. Damage causes a strong stress response, the signs of which are recorded even at late regeneration stages. In holothurian tissues, the concentrations of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes increase. Furthermore, the cellular and humoral components of the immune system are activated. Extracellular matrix remodeling and Wnt signaling play a major role in the regeneration in holothurians. All available morphological and molecular data show that the dedifferentiation of specialized cells in the remnant of the organ and the epithelial morphogenesis constitute the basis of regeneration in holothurians. However, depending on the type of damage, the mechanisms of regeneration may differ significantly in the spatial organization of regeneration process, the involvement of different cell types, and the depth of reprogramming of their genome (dedifferentiation or transdifferentiation).

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“…Ef-72 kDa type IV collagenase is an archetypal MMP, because it does not contain a furin-activated motif, and Ef-MMP16 is a furin-activatable MMP. Since echinoderm MMPs actively diverged and duplicated [60], it is impossible to identify the orthologs of these genes in mammals, and, therefore, no analogies can be drawn between their properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Piwi, MMP, TIMP, and Sox during Gut Regeneration in Holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix (Holothuroidea, Dendrochirotida)

Dolmatov

Kalacheva

Tkacheva

et al. 2021

Genes

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Mesodermal cells of holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix can transdifferentiate into enterocytes during the regeneration of the digestive system. In this study, we investigated the expression of several genes involved in gut regeneration in E. fraudatrix. Moreover, the localization of progenitor cells of coelomocytes, juvenile cells, and their participation in the formation of the luminal epithelium of the digestive tube were studied. It was shown that Piwi-positive cells were not involved in the formation of the luminal epithelium of the digestive tube. Ef-72 kDa type IV collagenase and Ef-MMP16 had an individual expression profile and possibly different functions. The Ef-tensilin3 gene exhibited the highest expression and indicates its potential role in regeneration. Ef-Sox9/10 and Ef-Sox17 in E. fraudatrix may participate in the mechanism of transdifferentiation of coelomic epithelial cells. Their transcripts mark the cells that plunge into the connective tissue of the gut anlage and give rise to enterocytes. Ef-Sox9/10 probably controls the switching of mesodermal cells to the enterocyte phenotype, while Ef-Sox17 may be involved in the regulation of the initial stages of transdifferentiation.

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The mesentery as the epicenter for intestinal regeneration

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Transcriptomic analysis of early stages of intestinal regeneration in Holothuria glaberrima

Transcriptomic analysis of early stages of intestinal regeneration in Holothuria glaberrima

Molecular Aspects of Regeneration Mechanisms in Holothurians

Expression of Piwi, MMP, TIMP, and Sox during Gut Regeneration in Holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix (Holothuroidea, Dendrochirotida)

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