2019
DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1692191
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The mercapturic acid pathway

Abstract: The mercapturic acid pathway is a major route for the biotransformation of xenobiotic and endobiotic electrophilic compounds and their metabolites. Mercapturic acids (N-acetyl-L-cysteine S-conjugates) are formed by the sequential action of the glutathione transferases, c-glutamyltransferases, dipeptidases, and cysteine S-conjugate N-acetyltransferase to yield glutathione S-conjugates, L-cysteinylglycine S-conjugates, L-cysteine S-conjugates, and mercapturic acids; these metabolites constitute a "mercapturomic"… Show more

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Cited by 70 publications
(70 citation statements)
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“…GSTs primarily carry out the catalytic detoxification of the above-mentioned exogenous compounds via synthesis of mercapturic acids [ 32 ]. The γ-glutamyl and the glycine fragment of the resulting glutathione conjugate are trimmed, followed by N-acetylation of the cysteine S-conjugates [ 33 ]. It is important to note that GSTs are a part of a unified cellular defense system.…”
Section: Metabolism Of Xenobiotic Compoundsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…GSTs primarily carry out the catalytic detoxification of the above-mentioned exogenous compounds via synthesis of mercapturic acids [ 32 ]. The γ-glutamyl and the glycine fragment of the resulting glutathione conjugate are trimmed, followed by N-acetylation of the cysteine S-conjugates [ 33 ]. It is important to note that GSTs are a part of a unified cellular defense system.…”
Section: Metabolism Of Xenobiotic Compoundsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…APAP is activated in the liver to form the toxic NAPQI under the mediation of CYP450 enzymes which is then almost immediately detoxified in the liver through the action of the glutathione transferases (Bessems and Vermeulen, 2001). Glutathione conjugates are then biotransformed in the liver as APAP-Cys and then NAC-APAP through the mercapturic acid pathway by the sequential action of the γglutamyltransferases, dipeptidases, and cysteine S-conjugate N-acetyltransferase (Hanna and Anders, 2019). Finally, we also detected in this +1-6h group catechol APAP metabolites originating from another phase I oxidation pathway (i.e., 3-OH-APAP and 3-OCH3-APAP present as non-conjugated and conjugated forms).…”
Section: Detection Of New Apap Metabolites In Humans Using Hrms-basedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Overexpression of GGT1 contributes to the severity of a variety of pathological conditions including asthma, reperfusion injury, and cardiovascular disease (3)(4)(5)(6). It stimulates tumor growth and activates compounds including the chemotherapy drug cisplatin to nephrotoxins (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Inhibiting the enzyme would be therapeutic in the treatment of multiple diseases, and development of novel GGT1 inhibitors has been the focus of intense research (12)(13)(14).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%