The Mental Health Effects of COVID-19 on Health Care Providers in China

Lin, Kangguang; Yang, Bing Xiang; Luo, Dan; Liu, Qian; Ma, Simeng; Huang, Run; Lu, Weicong; Majeed, Amna; Lee, Yena; Lui, Leanna M.W.; Mansur, Rodrigo B.; Nasri, Flora; Subramaniapillai, Mehala; Rosenblat, Joshua D.; Liu, Zhongchun; McIntyre, Roger S.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20040374

Cited by 89 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…(2020) ( Li et al., 2020c ) China Case-control COVID-19 234 frontline nurses and 292 non-frontline nurses 5 days, February 2020 Vicarious Traumatisation Questionnaire (based on TSIBS, IES and VTS) Lin et al. (2020) ( Lin et al., 2020 ) China Cross-sectional COVID-19 2,316 nurses and physicians (885 frontline health and 1431 non-frontline) 14 days, January to February 2020 PHQ-9, GAD-7, ISI and IES-R Liu et al. (2020) ( Liu et al., 2020a ) China Cross-sectional COVID-19 512 healthcare staff working in a clinical department (369), fever clinics (68) and administration (75) 11 days, February 2020 SAS Y. Liu et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological impact of COVID-19 and other viral epidemics on frontline healthcare workers and ways to address it: A rapid systematic review

Cabarkapa

Nadjidai

Murgier

et al. 2020

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

434

480

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background As the world is battling the COVID-19 pandemic, frontline health care workers (HCWs) are among the most vulnerable groups at risk of mental health problems. The many risks to the wellbeing of HCWs are not well understood. Of the literature, there is a paucity of information around how to best prevent psychological distress, and what steps are needed to mitigate harm to HCWs’ wellbeing. Methods A systematic review using PRISMA methodology was used to investigate the psychological impact on HCWs facing epidemics or pandemics, using three electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE and CINAHL), dating back to 2002 until the 21st of August 2020. The search strategy included terms for HCWs (e.g., nurse and doctor), mental health (e.g., wellbeing and psychological), and viral outbreaks (e.g., epidemic and pandemic). Only studies with greater than 100 frontline HCWs (i.e. doctors or nurses in close proximity to infected patients) were included. Results A total of 55 studies were included, with 53 using quantitative methodology and 2 were qualitative. 50 of the quantitative studies used validated measurement tools while 5 used novel questionnaires. The studies were conducted across various countries and included people with SARS (13 studies), Ebola (1), MERS (3) and COVID-19 (38). Findings suggest that the psychological implications to HCWs are variable with several studies demonstrating an increased risk of acquiring trauma or stress-related disorders, depression and anxiety. Fear of the unknown or becoming infected were at the forefront of the mental challenges faced. Being a nurse and being female appeared to confer greater risk. The perceived stigma from family members and society heightened negative implications; predominantly stress and isolation. Coping strategies varied amongst the contrasting sociocultural settings and appeared to differ amongst doctors, nurses and other HCWs. Implemented changes, and suggestions for prevention in the future consistently highlighted the need for greater psychosocial support and clearer dissemination of disease-related information. Conclusion This review can inform current and future research priorities in the maintenance of wellbeing amongst frontline HCWs. Change needs to start at the level of policy-makers to offer an enhanced variety of supports to HCWs who play a critical role during largescale disease outbreaks. Psychological implications are largely negative and require greater attention to be mitigated, potentially through the involvement of psychologists, raised awareness and better education. The current knowledge of therapeutic interventions suggests they could be beneficial but more long-term follow-up is needed.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological impact of COVID-19 and other viral epidemics on frontline healthcare workers and ways to address it: A rapid systematic review

Cabarkapa

Nadjidai

Murgier

et al. 2020

Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

434

480

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is also important to note that while adaptation and a recovery in psychological distress was the average response in this study, there may be groups who we did not identify who will experience more prolonged psychological difficulties due to the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, frontline medical workers may be at increased risk of work-related burnout and emotional distress (Hu et al, 2020;Lin et al, 2020). There are also reports of survivors of the 2003 SARS virus being at increased risk of long-term psychological problems (Lee et al, 2007;Mak, Chu, Pan, Yiu, & Chan, 2009) and it will be important to examine whether COVID-19 also impacts on mental health among survivors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distress and adaptation to the COVID-19 crisis in the United States

Daly

Robinson

2021

Journal of Psychiatric Research

371

285

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is growing concern that the COVID-19 crisis may have long-standing mental health effects across society particularly amongst those with pre-existing mental health conditions. In this observational population-based study, we examined how psychological distress changed following the emergence of the COVID-19 crisis in the United States and tested whether certain population subgroups were vulnerable to persistent distress during the crisis. We analyzed longitudinal nationally representative data from eight waves of the Understanding America Study (UAS) collected between March 10 th and July 20 th , 2020 (N = 7319 Observations = 46145). Differences in distress trends were examined by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and household income and by the presence of a pre-existing mental health diagnosis. Psychological distress was assessed using the standardized total score on the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). On average psychological distress increased significantly by 0.27 standard deviations (95% CI [0.23,0.31], p<.001) from March 10-18 to April 1-14, 2020 as the COVID-19 crisis emerged and lockdown restrictions began in the US. Distress levels subsequently declined to mid-March levels by June, 2020 (d =-.31, 95% CI [-0.34,-0.27], p<.001). Across the sociodemographic groups examined and those with preexisting mental health conditions we observed a sharp rise in distress followed by a recovery to baseline distress levels. This study identified substantial increases in distress in the US during the emergence of the COVID-19 crisis that largely diminished in the weeks that followed and suggests that population level resilience in mental health may be occurring in response to the pandemic.

show abstract

“…[ 19 27 30 ] This is in contrast with the physician stress factors in China and the United Kingdom (U.K.), which were increased witness to death and dying, increased risk of exposure and self-blame, as well as the guilt of spreading the infection to the family members. [ 33 34 35 ] Liu et al . [ 36 ] explored the qualitative perspectives from doctors and nurses in Hubei, China and stated the crucial role of social support, peer counseling and self-management strategies for psychological resilience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychosocial health and well-being in South-Asian (World Psychiatric Association zone 16) countries: A systematic and advocacy review from the Indian Psychiatric Society

Banerjee

Vaishnav

Rao

et al. 2020

Indian J Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a global health threat. The South-Asian (SA) countries have witnessed both the initial brunt of the outbreak as well as the ongoing rise of cases. Their unique challenges in relation to mental health during the pandemic are worth exploring. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted for all the original studies on the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on psychological health/well-being in the SA countries of the World Psychiatric Association Zone 16. PubMed, Google Scholar, PSYCHINFO, EMBASE, and SCOPUS were searched till June 2020. Studies conducted in the age group of 18–60 years with a minimum sample size of 10, and statistically significant results were included. Results: Thirteen studies were included in the review. They showed increase prevalence in nonpsychotic depression, preanxiety, somatic concerns, alcohol-related disorders, and insomnia in the general population. Psychological symptoms correlated more with physical complaints of fatigue and pain in older adults and were directly related to social media use, misinformation, xenophobia, and social distancing. Frontline workers reported guilt, stigma, anxiety, and poor sleep quality, which were related to the lack of availability of adequate personal protective equipment, increased workload, and discrimination. One study validated the Coronavirus anxiety scale in the Indian population while another explored gaming as a double-edged sword during the lockdown in adolescents. Another study from Bangladesh explored psychosexual health during lockdown. Most studies were cross-sectional online surveys, used screening tools and had limited accessibility. Conclusion: The ongoing COVID-19 crisis and its impact serve as an important period for adequate mental healthcare, promotion, research, and holistic biopsychosocial management of psychiatric disorders, especially in vulnerable groups. Mental healthcare and research strategies during the pandemic and preparedness for postpandemic aftermath are advocated subsequently.

show abstract

The Mental Health Effects of COVID-19 on Health Care Providers in China

Cited by 89 publications

References 4 publications

The psychological impact of COVID-19 and other viral epidemics on frontline healthcare workers and ways to address it: A rapid systematic review

The psychological impact of COVID-19 and other viral epidemics on frontline healthcare workers and ways to address it: A rapid systematic review

Psychological distress and adaptation to the COVID-19 crisis in the United States

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychosocial health and well-being in South-Asian (World Psychiatric Association zone 16) countries: A systematic and advocacy review from the Indian Psychiatric Society

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About