Abstract:The menopause transition is a gradual physiologic process characterized by an intricate interplay between hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction and ovarian follicle failure. Clinically, symptoms are variable and can range from minimal to severe. The hallmark symptom of the perimenopause and postmenopause is the hot flash; however, systemically low estrogen has widespread effects in the aging woman, including important changes in the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, genitourinary, and central nervous systems.… Show more
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