The Meiotic Consequences of Radiation Induced Chromosome Breaks in &lt;i&gt;Lathyrus sativus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Vicia ervilia&lt;/i&gt;

Shaikh, M.A.Q.; Godward, M. B. E.

doi:10.1508/cytologia.37.497

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Liang et al (1969) attributed that stickiness was a common physiological phoenomenon or might have been caused due to structural changes induced by chemical treatments. Frag mentation of the nucleolar material recorded here in some cases was in line with the reports of Shaikh and Godward (1972) in the irradiated populations of Vicia ervilia and Lathyrus sativus. Such disturbances conld have occurred as a consequence of breaks in the nucleolar organising region of the nucleolar-organising chromosomes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Genotoxic Effects of Two Pesticides (Rogor and Bavistin) and an Antibiotic (Streptomycin) in Meiotic Cells of Grosspea (Lathyrus sativus L.).

Kumar¹,

Sinha²

1991

CYTOLOGIA

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Genotoxic Effects of Two Pesticides (Rogor and Bavistin) and an Antibiotic (Streptomycin) in Meiotic Cells of Grosspea (Lathyrus sativus L.).

Kumar¹,

Sinha²

1991

CYTOLOGIA

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“…Trivalent configuration such as pan, chain, and Y shaped were reported by Meshram et al (1992) in mutagen treated Capsicum annuum L. The complex multivalent associations might have occurred due to several breakage and reunions and the clumped unusual meiotic configuration were perhaps due to stickiness induced by the irradiation. Shaikh and Godward (1972) suggested that nucleolar fragmentation induced by the mutagen might have occurred as a consequence of breaks in the nucleolar organizing regions of the nucleolar organizing chromosomes. Similar such findings were reported in Lathyrus sativus L. by Kumar and Dubey (1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic Effects of Gamma Rays and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Dhamayanthi

Reddy

2000

cytologia

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Summary Seeds of Capsicum annuum L. var. G-4 Bhagyalakshmi were subjected to 15, 25, 35 kR doses of gamma ray, and 0.8% and 1% ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). Effects of mutagenic treatments of meiosis viz. chromosomal anamolies, pollen sterility, seed sterility and survival percentage in M2 generation have been reported. EMS was found more effective in inducing meiotic irregularities than gamma ray treatment. A dose dependent increase in meiotic anomalies was obtained with all the mutagenic treatments.Mutations can be beneficially utilized for tailoring better varieties of crop plants. But in general, ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens like ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) effects a wide range of chromosomal alterations resulting in to abnormal behaviour during meiosis, leading to various degree of sterility. Further, the cytological abnormalities during meiosis has also been regarded as one of the dependable parameters for estimating mutagenic sensitivity of a species. Though considerable work has been done on induced mutation studies in red pepper (Bansal and Dalmirsingh (1972), Han (1974), Auni et al. (1978), Lakshmi and Bapa Rao (1978), Kumar et al. (1986), Meshram et al. (1992)), there was no current report available on physical and chemical mutagen effect on meiosis in the existing promising varieties of Capsicum annuum L. Hence, the present study is undertaken to assess the meiotic consequences of chromosomal aberrations induced by separate and combined application of gamma rays and EMS. Materials and methodsDry seeds of Indian popular chilli variety G-4-Bhagyalakshmi were subjected to mutagenic treatment with gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). Seeds were irradiated with 15, 25, 35 kR doses of gamma rays from 6°Co source. A second set of seeds were soaked in 0.8% and 1.0% solution of EMS for 12 h at 23 -± 1°C. Another set of seeds were also subjected to combined doses of gamma rays and EMS in the following combinations; i) 15 kR+ 0.8% EMS ii) 15 kR+ 1% EMS iii) 25 kR+ 0.8% EMS iv) 25 kR+ 1% EMS v) 35 kR+ 0.8% EMS iv) 35 kR+ 1% EMS The control seeds were soaked in distilled water for 24 h at room temperature. After treatments seeds were throughly washed and sown in the nursery beds along with control seeds. Forty-five old day seedlings were transplanted in the field. For meiotic studies, young flower buds were fixed in Carnoy's fluid (6 : 3 : 1) for 24 h and then transferred to 70% ethyl alcohol. Squash preparations were made with 2% acetocarmine. Results and discussionsThe pollen mother cells (PMC's) of control plant showed regular 12 bivalent uniformly at

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“…Multivalent associations have been attributed to pairing due to translocations and inversions (Shaikh and Godward 1972). Lagging of chromosomes may be due to the hindrance of movement of the bivalents to the equatorial plate at metaphase I.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic Abnormalities and Tetraploidy (by Lead Nitrate) Induced by Heavy Metals (Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn) Helianthus annuus L.

Srivastava

2004

CYTOLOGIA

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Summary Cytological effects of some (Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg) heavy metals were tested on meiotic studies of Helianthus annuus. The used heavy metals did not show much variations in the type of induced abnormal PMCs. The abundant meiotic irregularities stickiness, lagging, bridges, unequal separation, fragmentation etc. were observed. Mercury was the most toxic of all used heavy metals since it produced highest percentage of abnormal PMCs. Lead nitrate is a mutagen which induce tetraploidy.

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The Meiotic Consequences of Radiation Induced Chromosome Breaks in <i>Lathyrus sativus</i> and <i>Vicia ervilia</i>

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Genotoxic Effects of Two Pesticides (Rogor and Bavistin) and an Antibiotic (Streptomycin) in Meiotic Cells of Grosspea (Lathyrus sativus L.).

Genotoxic Effects of Two Pesticides (Rogor and Bavistin) and an Antibiotic (Streptomycin) in Meiotic Cells of Grosspea (Lathyrus sativus L.).

Cytogenetic Effects of Gamma Rays and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate in Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Meiotic Abnormalities and Tetraploidy (by Lead Nitrate) Induced by Heavy Metals (Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn) Helianthus annuus L.

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