The Mediterranean refugee crisis: ethics, international law and migrant health

Brannan, Sophie; Campbell, Ruth; Davies, Malcolm; English, Veronica; Mussell, Rebecca; Sheather, Julian

doi:10.1136/medethics-2016-103444

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…PSYCHOLOGY OF REFUGEE INTEGRATION 5 migration, that is, forcedness of migration and associated perils, affect these responses. We argue that being coerced to leave the home country is the core characteristic of refugees' experiences as compared to other forms of migration (Ager, 1999;Arnetz, Rofa, Arnetz, Ventimiglia, & Jamil, 2013;Aron, 1992;Brannan et al, 2016). The distinction between refugee and other, non-forced forms of migration has been widely recognized.…”

Section: Psychology Of Refugee Integration 4 Psychological Antecedentmentioning

confidence: 89%

Psychological Antecedents of Refugee Integration (PARI)

Echterhoff¹,

Hellmann²,

Back³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The successful management of refugee immigration, including refugee integration in host societies, requires a sound understanding of underlying psychological processes. We propose a model of the Psychological Antecedents of Refugee Integration (PARI), highlighting perceived forcedness (i.e., coercion and loss of control from “push” factors) and ensuing perils (risks and potential suffering during migration) as distinctive factors of refugee (vs. voluntary) migration. According to our model, perceptions and subjective representations of forcedness and associated perils activate specific psychological processes relevant to refugee integration and thus moderate responses to the demands and stressor of the immigration situation. We conceptualize these distinctive influences for integration-relevant processes in both refugees and in residents. By pinpointing the unique features of refugee migration, PARI generates novel and specific hypotheses about psychological processes predicting refugee integration. For instance, refugees’ memories of forcedness and associated perils should lead to high preoccupation with the restoration of basic needs after arrival in a receiving country, which interferes with integration-related activities. Conversely, residents’ perceptions of forcedness and related perils may enhance empathy with refugees, but may also magnify feelings of anxiety and threat. Implications for refugee integration are discussed for the domains of occupational work, education, and mental health.

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Section: Psychology Of Refugee Integration 4 Psychological Antecedentmentioning

confidence: 89%

Psychological Antecedents of Refugee Integration (PARI)

Echterhoff¹,

Hellmann²,

Back³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…These public health standards cover worst--case--scenario humanitarian crisis and emergency situations. In addition, all EU member states have signed the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, that places 'the right to health' irrespective of nationality as a priority, ratified in Article 12 (see Brannan et al 2016).…”

Section: Health In Refugee Campsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health in the Calais refugee camp: environment, health and exclusion

Dhesi

Isakjee

Davies

2017

Critical Public Health

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“…Another way of grounding the UK's responsibilities towards migrants is to consider the causal role that the UK has played in the production of the events (e.g. war, regime change, economic crisis) which have led to large numbers of migrants seeking new lives in Europe [8]. The top five nationalities of asylum-seekers and undocumented migrants to the UK are Iran, Pakistan, Iraq, Bangladesh, and Sudan [79].…”

Section: In Search Of Fairness and Frugalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, there are important medical ethics concerns to consider. 8 Under the new regime, patients are entitled to free primary care and emergency care, but are charged for any care resulting from a referral from either of these services. While much of the bureaucracy of charging for treatment is managed within dedicated finance departments, doctors must recommend chargeable treatments where they are medically indicated, and in the same breath inform patients of their chargeability, in order to provide optimal information with respect to treatment decisions.…”

Section: In Search Of Fairness and Frugalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Austerity or Xenophobia? The Causes and Costs of the “Hostile Environment” in the NHS

Shahvisi

2019

Health Care Anal

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During the "age of austerity" the UK government has progressively limited free health services for "overseas visitors" on the grounds of fairness and frugality. This is despite the fact that the cost of the additional bureaucracy required by the new system and the public health consequences are expected to exceed the sums saved. In this article I explore the interaction between the discourses of austerity and xenophobia as they relate to migrants' access to healthcare. By examining the available data and adjudicating various moral arguments, I cast doubt on the claim that the current charging regulations are cost-effective and fair. I instead contend that if the UK is concerned with running a health service that is economically-sustainable and morally-defensible, it is critical that migrants are welcomed, both as staff and as patients. I conclude by arguing that xenophobia has precipitated changes to the health service which do not qualify as "austerity" in the way that is claimed, but rather deliberately produce a "hostile environment" for migrants, despite this very likely generating economic losses.

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The Mediterranean refugee crisis: ethics, international law and migrant health

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Psychological Antecedents of Refugee Integration (PARI)

Psychological Antecedents of Refugee Integration (PARI)

Public health in the Calais refugee camp: environment, health and exclusion

Austerity or Xenophobia? The Causes and Costs of the “Hostile Environment” in the NHS

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