The Medical Profession and Representations of the Navy, 1750–1815

Lincoln, Margarette

doi:10.1163/9789401204934_012

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In 1756 and 1775 sections of the Army were inoculated; see Kopperman , ‘British army’, pp. 69–70; and, for the Navy, a rather uncertain reference in Lincoln , ‘Medical profession’, p. 220.…”

Section: Footnotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline of adult smallpox in eighteenth‐century London¹

Davenport

Schwarz

Boulton³

2011

The Economic History Review

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Smallpox was probably the single most lethal disease in eighteenth-century Britain, but was a minor cause of death by the mid-nineteenth century. Although vaccination was crucial to the decline of smallpox, especially in urban areas, from the beginning of the nineteenth century, it remains disputed the extent to which smallpox mortality declined before vaccination. Analysis of age-specific changes in smallpox burials within the large west London parish of St Martin-in-the-Fields revealed a precipitous reduction in adult smallpox risk from the 1770s, and this pattern was duplicated in the east London parish of St Dunstan's. Most adult smallpox victims were rural migrants, and such a drop in their susceptibility is consistent with a sudden increase in exposure to smallpox in rural areas. We investigated whether this was due to the spread of inoculation, or an increase in smallpox transmission, using changes in the age patterns of child smallpox burials. Smallpox mortality rose among infants, and smallpox burials became concentrated at the youngest ages, suggesting a sudden increase in infectiousness of the smallpox virus. Such a change intensified the process of smallpox endemicization in the English population, but also made cities substantially safer for young adult migrants.

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Section: Footnotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The decline of adult smallpox in eighteenth‐century London¹

Davenport

Schwarz

Boulton³

2011

The Economic History Review

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Re-Evaluation of the Diagnosis of Porphyria Cutanea Tarda in Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort

Levell

2010

JRSM Short Reports

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ObjectivesTwo biographies of Admiral Francis Beaufort (1774–1857) have stated that, aged 20–25 years, he suffered from porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) that was ‘cured’ following severe blood loss during a naval skirmish. We have examined the evidence concerning the nature of his skin disease.DesignPrimary records, most notably Beaufort's correspondence with his family, his journals and his father's diaries were sought out and analysed.SettingThis case report is discussed in the context of 18th-century naval medicine and concepts and treatment of skin disease.ResultsThe description of his lesions, their age of onset, their progression and response to treatment, particularly topical tar and associated features are quite inconsistent with a diagnosis of PCT. His mother, Mary Waller Beaufort (1739–1821), consulted Dr Robert Darwin in 1803 about a painful skin disease affecting her legs. Detailed description of the lesions and a contemporary diagnosis are not available but possible diagnoses include chronic psoriasis and stasis eczema.ConclusionsA more tenable diagnosis is that Francis Beaufort had chronic plaque psoriasis remitted by bed rest and convalescence in the sunny Mediterranean climate with cessation of alcohol consumption and improved nutrition as well as topical and oral medications.

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The Medical Profession and Representations of the Navy, 1750–1815

Cited by 2 publications

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The decline of adult smallpox in eighteenth‐century London¹

The decline of adult smallpox in eighteenth‐century London¹

Re-Evaluation of the Diagnosis of Porphyria Cutanea Tarda in Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort

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The Medical Profession and Representations of the Navy, 1750–1815

Cited by 2 publications

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The decline of adult smallpox in eighteenth‐century London1

The decline of adult smallpox in eighteenth‐century London1

Re-Evaluation of the Diagnosis of Porphyria Cutanea Tarda in Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort

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The decline of adult smallpox in eighteenth‐century London¹

The decline of adult smallpox in eighteenth‐century London¹