The Mediating Roles of Perceived Stress and Health Behaviors in the Relation Between Objective, Subjective, and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Perceived Health

Senn, Theresa E.; Walsh, Jennifer L.; Carey, Michael P.

doi:10.1007/s12160-014-9591-1

Cited by 102 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…Composite or latent measures of SES capture the aggregate effects of multiple socioeconomic indicators and are therefore useful in investigating a general gradient of socioeconomic position (3,42). In supplementary analyses we examined each indicator of SES separately.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Status Interacts with Conscientiousness and Neuroticism to Predict Circulating Concentrations of Inflammatory Markers

2016

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Background Socioeconomic health disparities research may benefit from further consideration of dispositional factors potentially modifying risk associated with low socioeconomic status, including that indexed by systemic inflammation. Purpose To investigate interactions of SES and Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality traits in predicting circulating concentrations of the inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Method Using a sample of middle-aged and older adults from the Midlife in the United States Survey (MIDUS) biomarker project (N=978), linear regression models tested interactions of each FFM trait with a composite measure of SES in predicting IL-6 and CRP, as well as the explanatory role of medical morbidity, measures of adiposity, and health behaviors. Results SES interacted with conscientiousness to predict levels of IL-6 (interaction b = .03, p = .002) and CRP (interaction b = .04, p = .014), and with neuroticism to predict IL-6 (interaction b = −.03, p = .004). Socioeconomic gradients in both markers were smaller at higher levels of conscientiousness. Conversely, the socioeconomic gradient in IL-6 was larger at higher levels of neuroticism. Viewed from the perspective of SES as the moderator, neuroticism was positively related to IL-6 at low levels of SES but negatively related at high SES. Interactions of SES with both conscientiousness and neuroticism were attenuated upon adjustment for measures of adiposity. Conclusions Conscientiousness may buffer, and neuroticism amplify, excess inflammatory risk associated with low SES, in part through relationships with adiposity. Neuroticism may be associated with lower levels of inflammation at high levels of SES.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Status Interacts with Conscientiousness and Neuroticism to Predict Circulating Concentrations of Inflammatory Markers

2016

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“…***p < .001. Reitzel, Kendzor, et al, 2014;Reitzel et al, 2013;Senn et al, 2014;Whembolua et al, 2012). (Cohen et al, 1983) is a four-item scale that measures the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful during the past week.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Explanatory Role of Perceived Stress in Associations Between Subjective Social Status and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Homeless Smokers

et al. 2015

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Homeless individuals smoke at high rates relative to the general population and are at heightened risk of tobacco-related illnesses and poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Homeless smokers also report low subjective social status (SSS) or perceived social standing relative to others. SSS may contribute to poor HRQoL, potentially through perceived stress. The current study examined the role of perceived stress in the association of SSS and HRQoL among 227 (70.9% male, Mage = 43.2) homeless smokers. Participants completed self-report measures of SSS, perceived stress, and HRQoL. Perceived stress partially explained the relation between SSS (United States and Community) and HRQoL in covariate-adjusted analyses. Results suggested that perceived stress is a pathway through which SSS contributes to HRQoL among homeless smokers. Findings broaden current understanding of the impact of social disadvantage and perceived stress on HRQoL among homeless smokers.

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“…Researchers have also considered the predictive power of SSS when in combination with objective measures of household and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES; Chen & Paterson, 2006;Senn, Walsh & Carey, 2014). For example, in a structural equation model, Senn et al (2014) included objective indicators of individual SES, neighborhood SES, and SSS as predictors of perceived health with health compromising behavior and perceived stress as mediating pathways.…”

Section: Subjective Social Status and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in a structural equation model, Senn et al (2014) included objective indicators of individual SES, neighborhood SES, and SSS as predictors of perceived health with health compromising behavior and perceived stress as mediating pathways. By including objective economic indicators at multiple levels in predictive models with SSS, this approach models the independent contribution of each indicator to health.…”

Section: Subjective Social Status and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do We Know Where We Stand? Neighborhood Relative Income, Subjective Social Status, and Health

Roy

Godfrey

Rarick

2016

Am J Community Psychol

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Bridging research on relative income and subjective social status (SSS), this study examines how neighborhood relative income is related to ones' SSS, and in turn, physical and mental health. Using a survey sample of 1807 U.S. adults, we find that neighborhood median income significantly moderates the relationship between household income and self-reported physical and mental health. Low-income individuals living in high-income neighborhoods (i.e., relative disadvantage) report better physical and mental health than low-income individuals living in low-income neighborhoods. In addition, high-income individuals living in low-income neighborhoods (i.e., relative advantage) report higher SSS (relative to neighbors), whereas low-income individuals living in high-income neighborhoods (i.e., relative disadvantage) also report higher SSS. We draw from social comparison theory to interpret these results positing that downward comparisons may serve an evaluative function while upward comparisons may result in affiliation with better-off others. Finally, we demonstrate that SSS explains the relationship between neighborhood relative income and health outcomes, providing empirical support for the underlying influence of perceived social position.

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The Mediating Roles of Perceived Stress and Health Behaviors in the Relation Between Objective, Subjective, and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Perceived Health

Cited by 102 publications

References 82 publications

Socioeconomic Status Interacts with Conscientiousness and Neuroticism to Predict Circulating Concentrations of Inflammatory Markers

Socioeconomic Status Interacts with Conscientiousness and Neuroticism to Predict Circulating Concentrations of Inflammatory Markers

The Potential Explanatory Role of Perceived Stress in Associations Between Subjective Social Status and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Homeless Smokers

Do We Know Where We Stand? Neighborhood Relative Income, Subjective Social Status, and Health

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