The Mediating Role of Resilience and Extraversion on Psychological Distress and Loneliness Among the General Population of Tyrol, Austria Between the First and the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Чернова, А. А.; Frajo-Apor, Beatrice; Pardeller, Silvia; Tutzer, Franziska; Plattner, Barbara; Häring, Christian; Holzner, Bernhard; Kemmler, Georg; Marksteiner, Josef; Miller, Collin; Schmidt, Martín; Sperner‐Unterweger, Barbara; Hofer, Alex

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.766261

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…In this study, resilience mediated the influence of viral anxiety on psychological well-being among all participants. In COVID-19 pandemic, people's high level of resilience was reported to related with low level of stress and high level of psychological well-being among the general population ( 54 ), even in special population such as public workers ( 55 ), schoolteachers ( 56 ), or healthcare workers ( 57 ). In this sample, however, we could not observe mediating effect of resilience among participants who were more stressful to Beirut explosion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy and Resilience on the Psychological Well-Being of Lebanese People During the Crises of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Beirut Explosion

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Self-efficacy signifies an individual's belief in their own ability to perform the actions required to achieve a particular performance. In this study, we used an online survey to assess the mediation effect of resilience and self-efficacy on the overall psychological well-being of Lebanese people during the crises of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Beirut explosion.Methods: Overall, 567 Lebanese people participated in an online survey between March 17–28, 2021. The survey included the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-2 items, WHO-5 Well-being Index, General Self-Efficacy scale, and a single item on insomnia. We also assessed their risk perception regarding exposure to COVID-19 or explosions.Results: About 53% of participants were assessed as having depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) in the recent crisis. About half of participants (53.2%) reported feeling more stressed by COVID-19 than by the Beirut explosion, and 23.4% felt more stressed by the Beirut explosion than by COVID-19. Only the SAVE-6 score differed significantly between groups with greater stress responses to COVID-19 and the Beirut explosion. Self-efficacy mediated the influence of depression on people's psychological well-being, and self-efficacy and resilience mediated the influence of viral anxiety on psychological well-being.Conclusion: Self-efficacy is important for reducing people's depression and improving their psychological well-being during the Lebanon crises and also mediates the influence of anxiety in response to the viral epidemic on their psychological well-being in some people.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy and Resilience on the Psychological Well-Being of Lebanese People During the Crises of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Beirut Explosion

et al. 2022

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“…The control group was recruited through advertising in print media, email lists, flyer, and social media. A total of 1646 people participated in the baseline survey (findings obtained in the Tyrolean sub-sample are reported in Tutzer et al 22 and Chernova et al 36 ). They were asked to provide an email address in order to be reminded for follow-up, however, this was not a prerequisite to participate in the baseline survey.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health in individuals with severe mental disorders during the covid-19 pandemic: a longitudinal investigation

et al. 2022

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Research on the long-term mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic across mental disorders is limited, and information on the impact of public health policy measures with varying strictness is missing. This study therefore aimed at investigating psychological distress among residents of Tyrol (Austria) and South Tyrol (Italy) at the early stages of the pandemic and 5 months thereafter and examined how sociodemographic, protective, and risk factors relate to change over time. One hundred and fifteen people with severe mental illness (SMI; schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder with psychotic features) or major depressive disorder without psychotic features (MDD) and 481 community controls without mental disorders participated in an online survey. Next to the collection of sociodemographic and COVID-19 related variables, the Brief Symptom Checklist, the Resilience Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Three-Item Loneliness Scale, and the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale-Short Form were used to assess psychological distress, resilience, perceived social support, loneliness, and boredom. Levels of psychological symptoms and the prevalence of psychological distress were significantly higher in individuals with MDD compared to the other two groups, and Italian participants were more prone to anxiety than those from Austria. Psychological distress was predicted by a lower degree of both resilience and perceived social support as well as loneliness and boredom. Notably, the prevalence of clinically relevant psychological symptoms remained unchanged among each group over time. These results underscore the relevance of tailored prevention and mitigation strategies to meet the specific needs of people both with and without mental disorders.

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“…Findings of the baseline survey are presented in Tutzer et al ( 14 ) and Chernova et al ( 15 ). Of the 961 baseline participants, 384 took part in the follow-up survey.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, study participants aged 19–49 reported to be particularly affected by loneliness and boredom ( 14 ). Importantly, the relationship between both study participants' sex and partnership situation and psychological distress and severe loneliness was mediated by resilience, and the relationship between participants' partnership situation and psychological distress was mediated by extraversion ( 15 ). In addition to investigating longitudinal changes in psychological distress, loneliness, boredom, and resilience over the course of the pandemic, the current 5-month follow-up study aimed at examining the associations between baseline resilience and extraversion on the one hand and psychological distress, loneliness, and boredom at follow-up on the other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Resilience and Extraversion on Psychological Distress, Loneliness, and Boredom During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Follow-Up Study Among the General Population of Tyrol, Austria

et al. 2021

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Background: The Covid-19 pandemic and related measures represent an enormous burden on mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes in psychological distress, loneliness, boredom, and resilience over the course of the pandemic and to examine the associations between resilience and extraversion at baseline (summer 2020) and psychological distress, loneliness, and boredom at 5-month-follow-up.Methods: Residents of Tyrol (≥18a) completed an online survey on psychological distress, loneliness, boredom, resilience, and extraversion by using the Brief-Symptom-Checklist, the Three-Item Loneliness Scale, the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale-Short Form (MSBS-SF), the Resilience Scale, and the Extraversion subscale of the Big Five Inventory.Results: Of the 961 baseline participants, 384 took part in the follow-up survey. The percentage of study participants with striking psychological distress remained the same. Similarly, resilience did not change from baseline to follow-up, whereas the number of those experiencing moderate loneliness increased significantly. In contrast, at follow-up, severe loneliness was detected in significantly less people. Boredom decreased significantly over time. A moderate negative association was detected between baseline resilience and psychological distress, loneliness, and boredom at follow-up, and a weak but still significant negative association between extraversion and these outcomes.Discussion: These findings indicate that a subset of the general population consistently suffers from high levels of psychological distress and point to the protective effects of resilience and extraversion in this context. They reemphasize the importance of prevention and mitigation strategies to address these public health problems.

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The Mediating Role of Resilience and Extraversion on Psychological Distress and Loneliness Among the General Population of Tyrol, Austria Between the First and the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 23 publications

References 79 publications

Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy and Resilience on the Psychological Well-Being of Lebanese People During the Crises of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Beirut Explosion

Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy and Resilience on the Psychological Well-Being of Lebanese People During the Crises of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Beirut Explosion

Mental health in individuals with severe mental disorders during the covid-19 pandemic: a longitudinal investigation

The Impact of Resilience and Extraversion on Psychological Distress, Loneliness, and Boredom During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Follow-Up Study Among the General Population of Tyrol, Austria

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