The Mediating Role of Overweight and Obesity in the Prospective Association between Overall Dietary Quality and Healthy Aging

Assmann, Karen E.; Ruhunuhewa, Indunil; Adjibade, Moufidath; Li, Zhen; Varraso, Raphäelle; Herçberg, Serge; Galán, Pilar; Kesse‐Guyot, Emmanuelle

doi:10.3390/nu10040515

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The supplemental analyses performed to investigate a potential indirect effect related to BMI status indicated a significant but small mediation of the investigated relationship by corpulence. A very similar observation was made in a previous study based on data from the Supplementation en Vitamines et Mineraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) study in which 5 % of the prospective association between adherence to the French national nutrition guidelines and multidimensional HA was estimated to be mediated by BMI status (27) .…”

Section: Summary Of Findingssupporting

confidence: 83%

Association of diet quality and physical activity with healthy ageing in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

Assmann¹,

Adjibade²,

Adriouch³

et al. 2019

Br J Nutr

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A growing number of studies have explored overall health during ageing in a holistic manner by investigating multidimensional models of healthy ageing (HA). However, little attention has been given to the role of adherence to national nutrition guidelines in that context. This study aimed to investigate the prospective association between adherence to the French nutrition guidelines and HA. The authors analysed data from 21 407 participants of the NutriNet-Santé study with a median baseline age of 55·6 years (2009–2014) and initially free of major chronic diseases. HA was defined as not developing major chronic disease, no depressive symptoms, no function-limiting pain, independence in instrumental activities of daily living, good physical, cognitive and social functioning, as well as good self-perceived health. Adherence to guidelines of the French Nutrition and Health Programme (Programme National Nutrition Santé or PNNS) was measured via the PNNS Guideline Score (PNNS-GS), using baseline data from repeated 24-h dietary records and physical activity questionnaires. After a median follow-up of 5·7 years, 46·3 % of participants met our HA criteria. Robust-error-variance Poisson regression revealed that higher PNNS-GS scores, reflecting higher adherence to nutrition recommendations (including both diet and physical activity guidelines), were associated with a higher probability to age healthily (relative riskquartile 4 v. quartile 1 = 1·17 (95 % CI 1·12, 1·22)). Supplementary analyses revealed that this association may, to a small part, be mediated by weight status. The results suggest that high adherence to the French national nutrition recommendations may be linked to better overall health throughout ageing.

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Section: Summary Of Findingssupporting

confidence: 83%

Association of diet quality and physical activity with healthy ageing in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

Assmann¹,

Adjibade²,

Adriouch³

et al. 2019

Br J Nutr

Self Cite

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“…Several epidemiological studies have used mediation analysis from the causal inference framework in the context of respiratory health [ 62 , 64 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 ], including studies on obesity and asthma [ 118 ], on obesity and lung function [ 119 ] and on physical activity and lung function [ 120 ]. One recent study was conducted to investigate potential mediation by obesity in the association between diet and healthy aging [ 123 ]. To our knowledge, only two studies were conducted in the context of nutritional factors and asthma, suggesting that BMI partly mediates the association between high cured meat intake and worsening asthma symptoms over time [ 62 ], but does not mediate the association between overall diet quality—assessed using the AHEI-2010—and improved asthma symptoms [ 64 ] (see Table 1 ).…”

Section: The Role Of Nutritional Factors In Asthma and Asthma Contmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nutritional Factors in Asthma: Challenges and Opportunities for Epidemiological Research

Bédard

Ait‐hadad

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The prevalence of asthma has nearly doubled over the last decades. Twentieth century changes in environmental and lifestyle factors, including changes in dietary habits, physical activity and the obesity epidemic, have been suggested to play a role in the increase of asthma prevalence and uncontrolled asthma worldwide. A large body of evidence has suggested that obesity is a likely risk factor for asthma, but mechanisms are still unclear. Regarding diet and physical activity, the literature remains inconclusive. Although the investigation of nutritional factors as a whole (i.e., the “diet, physical activity and body composition” triad) is highly relevant in terms of understanding underlying mechanisms, as well as designing effective public health interventions, their combined effects across the life course has not received a lot of attention. In this review, we discuss the state of the art regarding the role of nutritional factors in asthma, for each window of exposure. We focus on the methodological and conceptual challenges encountered in the investigation of the complex time-dependent interrelations between nutritional factors and asthma and its control, and their interaction with other determinants of asthma. Lastly, we provide guidance on how to address these challenges, as well as suggestions for future research.

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“…Currently, new evidence is emerging on the importance of making more specific nutritional recommendations for each person or group of people depending on their characteristics and needs [ 11 ]. More attention, therefore, is now being paid to the nutritional needs related to healthy aging [ 12 ], whether that be more specifically attending to the deficiencies or excesses that the elderly present [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], or designing strategies earlier for younger people so that diet can help to delay aging by acting on the telomere length, on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation or other measurements of biological aging [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitter, Sweet, Salty, Sour and Umami Taste Perception Decreases with Age: Sex-Specific Analysis, Modulation by Genetic Variants and Taste-Preference Associations in 18 to 80 Year-Old Subjects

et al. 2018

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There is growing interest in relating taste perception to diet and healthy aging. However, there is still limited information on the influence of age, sex and genetics on taste acuity as well as on the relationship between taste perception and taste preferences. We have analysed the influence of age on the intensity rating of the five basic tastes: sweet, salty, bitter, sour and umami (separately and jointly in a “total taste score”) and their modulation by sex and genetics in a relatively healthy population (men and women) aged 18–80 years (n = 1020 Caucasian European participants). Taste perception was determined by challenging subjects with solutions of the five basic tastes using standard prototypical tastants (6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), NaCl, sucrose, monopotassium glutamate and citric acid) at 5 increasing concentrations (I to V). We also measured taste preferences and determined the polymorphisms of the genes taste 2 receptor member 38 (TAS2R38), taste 1 receptor member 2 (TAS2R38) and sodium channel epithelial 1 beta subunit (SCNN1B), as TAS2R38-rs713598, TAS1R2-rs35874116 and SCNN1B-rs239345 respectively. We found a statistically significant decrease in taste perception (“total taste score”) with increasing age for all the concentrations analysed. This association was stronger for the higher concentrations (p = 0.028; p = 0.012; p = 0.005; p = 4.20 × 10−5 and p = 1.48 × 10−7, for I to V in the multivariable-adjusted models). When we analysed taste qualities (using concentration V), the intensity rating of all the 5 tastes was diminished with age (p < 0.05 for all). This inverse association differed depending on the test quality, being higher for bitter (PROP) and sour. Women perceived taste significantly more intense than men (p = 1.4 × 10−8 for total taste score). However, there were differences depending on the taste, umami being the lowest (p = 0.069). There was a complex association between the ability to perceive a taste and the preference for the same. Significant associations were, nevertheless, found between a higher perception of sour taste and a higher preference for it in women. In contrast, the higher perception of sweet was significantly associated with a higher preference for bitter in both, men and women. The TAS2R38-rs713598 was strongly associated with bitter (PROP) taste (p = 1.38 × 10−50), having a significant interaction with sex (p = 0.030). The TAS1R2-rs35874116 was not significantly associated with sweet, whereas the SCNN1B-rs239345 was associated (p = 0.040) with salty taste. In conclusion, the inverse association between age and perceived taste intensity as well as the additional influence of sex and some genetic polymorphisms give rise to large inter-individual differences in taste perception and taste preferences that should be taken into account in future studies and for applications in precision nutrition for healthy aging.

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The Mediating Role of Overweight and Obesity in the Prospective Association between Overall Dietary Quality and Healthy Aging

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

Association of diet quality and physical activity with healthy ageing in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

Association of diet quality and physical activity with healthy ageing in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

The Role of Nutritional Factors in Asthma: Challenges and Opportunities for Epidemiological Research

Bitter, Sweet, Salty, Sour and Umami Taste Perception Decreases with Age: Sex-Specific Analysis, Modulation by Genetic Variants and Taste-Preference Associations in 18 to 80 Year-Old Subjects

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