The Mediating Effects of Children's Resilience by Gender on the Relationships between Mother's Reactions to Children's Negative Emotions and Children's Emotional Intelligence

Abstract

The study examined the pathways from maternal reactions to children's negative emotions to children's emotion intelligence through children's resilience by gender. The participants in this study comprised 413 elementary school 4th-6th graders (of which 214 were boys, and 199 were girls). They completed questionnaires on maternal reactions to children's negative emotions, children's resilience and levels of children's emotional intelligence. Data were analyzed by means of T-test and structural equation modeling. In the case of the male group, it was found that maternal emotion coaching, when done indirectly, but not directly, had an influence on their levels of emotional intelligence. On the other hand, in the case of the female group, it was found that emotion coaching, when done indirectly, as well as directly, had an influence on their levels of emotional intelligence. Therefore, these results indicate that children's resilience mediated the effects of maternal emotion coaching on emotional intelligence. It also found that there are distinct pathways from maternal reactions to children's negative emotions to emotion intelligence through resilience by gender.

Linking Maternal Emotion Socialization to Boys' and Girls' Emotion Regulation in Korea

“…2010; Jones, Eisenberg, Fabes, &MacKinnon, 2002;Oh, 2014;Park et al, 2014). Due to the combined effect of emphasis on values of interdependence and a strong mother-daughter relationship, Korean mothers' proactive sensitivity, which is characterized by comforting the child based on strong affective mother-child bonds may be conducive to competent regulation in girls especially.…”

“…Under the influence of Confucian philosophy, Koreans believe that men, who are considered the leader of the family, should not express their emotions openly from the early years of life. In fact, Korean parents tend to show more punitive and minimizing reactions in controlling boys' negative emotion expression than that of girls (Chung et al, 2011;Oh, 2014;Yoon et al, 2007). Because, mothers' unsupportive reactions to boys' negative emotions are considered more normative in Korean society, boys may not perceive these parenting practices negatively.…”

“…Parents' gender-specific emotion socialization goals and practices are also apparent in contemporary Korean society (Park & Cheah, 2005). Few Korean studies, however, explored gender differences in the association between parenting practices and child social emotional outcomes, and the results are inconsistent (e.g., Kwon & Lee, 2005;Oh, 2014). In Korean culture, parental control and strictness especially toward sons are still valued, and boys experience mothers' unsupportive reactions more often than girls (Chung, Lim, & Kim, 2011), whereas girls typically receive more emotional support from parents (Yoon, Chung, & Chung, 2007).…”

The Effects of Mothers’ Parenting Stress on Preschoolers’ Prosocial Behavior: The Serial Mediating Effects of Mothers’ Emotion Socialization and Preschoolers’ Effortful Control

“…-S. Lee, 2009)에서 어머니의 정서 사회화와 유아의 친사회적 행동 간의 관계를 살펴볼 필요성이 제기된다. 그러나 정서사회화가 자녀의 사회적 발달에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 연구는 아직 소수에 불과하다 (Scrimgeour et al, 2016;Kwon & Lee, 2005) (Eisenberg, Fabes, & Murphy, 1996;Kang & Lim, 2020). (Rothbart, Ahadi, Hershey, & Fisher, 2001).…”

The Influence of Maternal-Acceptance Experiences During Childhood, Social-Supportive Level and Emotion-Coaching Reaction on Child Emotion-Regulation Strategies: Mediated-Moderation Effects

“…. , (Oh, 2014). , , (Shortt, Stoolmiller, Smith-Shine, Eddy, & Sheeber, 2010;Valiente, Lemery-Chalfant, & Reiser, 2007;Yap, Allen, Leve, & Katz, 2008), (Oh, 2013).…”