The median preoptic nucleus: A major regulator of fluid, temperature, sleep, and cardiovascular homeostasis

Pennington, GL; Ryan, Phil

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819975-6.00028-5

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…According to Simerly, the MPOA is one of the 12 (3 × 4, in mediolateral and rostrocaudal) divisions of the preoptichypothalamic continuum (Figure 1A). 31 The MPOA contains multiple subnuclei segregated by distinct cellular morphologies, molecular expression patterns, connectivity, and biological functions, [31][32][33][34][35] such as sleep at the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO), 36,37 thermo-and osmoregulation at the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO), 38,39 puberty onset and fertility through kisspeptin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons located in the anteroventral preoptic area (AVPV) and ventral part of the MPOA, 40 and male sexual behaviors at the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN). [41][42][43][44] The MPN is also implicated in proceptive/appetitive components of female sexual behaviors, though dispensable for the consummatory lordosis component.…”

Section: Classical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental brain through time: The origin and development of the neural circuit of mammalian parenting

Kuroda,

Fukumitsu,

Kurachi

et al. 2024

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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This review consolidates current knowledge on mammalian parental care, focusing on its neural mechanisms, evolutionary origins, and derivatives. Neurobiological studies have identified specific neurons in the medial preoptic area as crucial for parental care. Unexpectedly, these neurons are characterized by the expression of molecules signaling satiety, such as calcitonin receptor and BRS3, and overlap with neurons involved in the reproductive behaviors of males but not females. A synthesis of comparative ecology and paleontology suggests an evolutionary scenario for mammalian parental care, possibly stemming from male‐biased guarding of offspring in basal vertebrates. The terrestrial transition of tetrapods led to prolonged egg retention in females and the emergence of amniotes, skewing care toward females. The nocturnal adaptation of Mesozoic mammalian ancestors reinforced maternal care for lactation and thermal regulation via endothermy, potentially introducing metabolic gate control in parenting neurons. The established maternal care may have served as the precursor for paternal and cooperative care in mammals and also fostered the development of group living, which may have further contributed to the emergence of empathy and altruism. These evolution‐informed working hypotheses require empirical validation, yet they offer promising avenues to investigate the neural underpinnings of mammalian social behaviors.

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Section: Classical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental brain through time: The origin and development of the neural circuit of mammalian parenting

Kuroda,

Fukumitsu,

Kurachi

et al. 2024

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…The SCN is a hypothalamic nucleus known as the brain's circadian clock: it is found in all vertebrates that have been studied 67 . The OVLT is a sensory CVO with fenestrated blood vessels, and it is best known for its role in regulating thirst and water balance, among other functions 68–70 . The local connections between blood vessels of the SCN‐OVLT, similar to those of the pituitary portal pathway, enable small amounts of neurosecretions to reach their specialized targets in high concentrations without dilution in the general circulatory system.…”

Section: The Scn‐ovlt Connection: Identification Of a Second Portal P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…67 The OVLT is a sensory CVO with fenestrated blood vessels, and it is best known for its role in regulating thirst and water balance, among other functions. [68][69][70] The local connections between blood vessels of the SCN-OVLT, similar to those of the pituitary portal pathway, enable small amounts of neurosecretions to reach their specialized targets in high concentrations without dilution in the general circulatory system. Although the anatomical work reported to date did not establish the direction of blood flow, we conjectured that blood flows from the SCN to the OVLT based on a host of prior studies and on our substantial knowledge of the SCN 4 (Figure 4).…”

Section: Literature Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel trajectories in the discovery of the SCN‐OVLT and pituitary portal pathways: Legacies of Geoffrey Harris

Silver

Yao

Roy

et al. 2023

J Neuroendocrinology

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A map of central nervous system organization based on vascular networks provides a layer of organization distinct from familiar neural networks or connectomes. As a well‐established example, the capillary networks of the pituitary portal system enable a route for small amounts of neurochemical signals to reach local targets by traveling along specialized pathways, thereby avoiding dilution in the systemic circulation. The first evidence of such a pathway in the brain came from anatomical studies identifying a portal pathway linking the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. Almost a century later, we demonstrated a vascular portal pathway that joined the capillary beds of the suprachiasmatic nucleus and a circumventricular organ, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, in a mouse brain. For each of these portal pathways, the anatomical findings opened many new lines of inquiry, including the determination of the direction of flow of information, the identity of the signal that flowed along this pathway, and the function of the signals that linked the two regions. Here, we review landmark steps to these discoveries and highlight the experiments that reveal the significance of portal pathways and more generally, the implications of morphologically distinct nuclei sharing capillary beds.

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“…1A) 27 . The MPOA contains multiple subnuclei segregated by distinct cellular morphologies, molecular expressions, connectivity, and biological functions [27][28][29][30][31] , such as sleep at the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) 32,33 , thermo-and osmoregulation at the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) 34,35 , puberty onset and fertility through GnRH neurons located at ventral part of the MPOA 36 , male and female sexual behaviors [37][38][39] .…”

Section: Box 1 the Mpoa In The Preoptic-hypothalamus Continuummentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Brain Through Time: function, anatomy, and molecular mechanisms in contexts

Kuroda,

Fukumitsu,

Kurachi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Mammalian parental care is highly mother-biased, prompting researchers to presume its connection to female reproductive behavior and physiology, not male. However, recent findings in neurobiological studies suggest the opposite. Considering the evolutionary path of mammalian parental care, the ancestral form of vertebrate parental care appears to be male-biased as in living teleosts (bony fish), and originated from egg guarding as an extension of territorial behavior. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that in basal tetrapods, the harsh reproductive environments have facilitated terrestrial adaptation and extensive parental investment in females, and salamander-like basal amniotes exhibited extended egg retention in female bodies. Molecular and fossil evidence indicates that synapsids that have later evolved into mammals have already performed extensive maternal care including egg/offspring hydration in the Carboniferous period. Then the nocturnal adaptation in Jurassic mammaliaforms promoted endothermy and prolonged maternal care for thermal control and lactation. This situation may have added nutritional gate control to the offspring care circuit to balance parental provisioning with maternal homeostatic needs. Combining these paleontological, comparative ecological, and neuromolecular findings, we propose that the mammalian parenting circuit may be derived from MPOA neurons controlling reproductive behaviors during the terrestrial adaptation in anamniotes, either by divergent or parallel evolution. Next, we discuss another long-postulated hypothesis that complex affiliative sociality among adults, including group living, cooperative infant care, empathy, and altruism, may have emerged primarily for extended support of the offspring growth, utilizing the established maternal care circuit in mammals. These evolution-informed working hypotheses may also help dissect the neural basis of the complex cognitive functions in mammals.

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The median preoptic nucleus: A major regulator of fluid, temperature, sleep, and cardiovascular homeostasis

Cited by 6 publications

References 141 publications

Parental brain through time: The origin and development of the neural circuit of mammalian parenting

Parental brain through time: The origin and development of the neural circuit of mammalian parenting

Parallel trajectories in the discovery of the SCN‐OVLT and pituitary portal pathways: Legacies of Geoffrey Harris

Parental Brain Through Time: function, anatomy, and molecular mechanisms in contexts

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