The Medial Temporal Lobe Supports Conceptual Implicit Memory

Wang, Wei‐Chun; Lazzara, Michele M.; Ranganath, Charan; Knight, Robert T.; Yonelinas, Andrew P.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.009

Cited by 100 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…This implicit learning effect within the MTL is in agreement with previous studies showing that the function of the MTL is not necessarily linked to participants' awareness (Chun and Phelps, 1999;Rose et al, 2002;Henke et al, 2003a,b;Schendan et al, 2003;Yang et al, 2003;Degonda et al, 2005;Hannula and Ranganath, 2009;Voss et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2010). However, the present experimental design extends this finding by a more precise functional characterization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Functional Dissociation of Hippocampal Mechanism during Implicit Learning Based on the Domain of Associations

Rose¹,

Haider²,

Salari³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

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Traditionally, the medial temporal lobe (MTL) was linked to explicit or declarative memory in associative learning. However, recent studies have reported MTL involvement even when volunteers are not consciously aware of the learned contingencies. Therefore, the mechanism of the MTL-related learning process cannot be described sufficiently by the explicit/implicit distinction, and the underlying process in the MTL for associative learning needs a more functional characterization. A possible feature that would allow a functional specification also for implicit learning is the nature of the material that is learned. Given that implicit memory tasks often comprise a combination of perceptual and motor learning, we hypothesized that implicit learning of the perceptual but not the motor component entails MTL activation in these studies. To directly test this hypothesis, we designed a purely perceptual and a purely motor variant of the serial reaction time task. In two groups of human volunteers, behavioral results clearly showed that both variants were learned without awareness. Neuronal recordings using fMRI revealed that bilateral hippocampal activation was observed only for implicit learning of the perceptual sequence, not for the motor sequence. This dissociation clearly shows that the functional role of the hippocampus for learning is determined by the domain of the learned association and that the function of the medial temporal lobe system is the processing of contingencies between perceptual features regardless of the explicit or implicit nature of the ensuing memory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Functional Dissociation of Hippocampal Mechanism during Implicit Learning Based on the Domain of Associations

Rose¹,

Haider²,

Salari³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

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“…Previous fMRI studies have revealed effects of conceptual priming with written words in perirhinal cortex (O'Kane et al, 2005;Voss et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2010). Furthermore, medial temporal lobe lesions extending into perirhinal cortex virtually abolish conceptual priming (Wang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Extracting Meaning From Printed Wordsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Left perirhinal cortex codes for similarity in meaning between written words: Comparison with auditory word input

et al. 2015

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This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Neuropsychologia following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version (Liuzzi A.G., Bruffaerts R., Dupont P., Adamczuk K., Peeters R., De Deyne S., Storms G., Vandenberghe R. AbstractLeft perirhinal cortex has been previously implicated in associative coding. According to a recent experiment, the similarity of perirhinal fMRI response patterns to written concrete words is higher for words which are more similar in their meaning. If left perirhinal cortex functions as an amodal semantic hub, one would predict that this semantic similarity effect would extend to the spoken modality. We conducted an event-related fMRI experiment and evaluated whether a same semantic similarity effect could be obtained for spoken as for written words. Twenty healthy subjects performed a property verification task in either the written or the spoken modality. Words corresponded to concrete animate entities for which extensive feature generation was available from more than 1000 subjects. From these feature generation data, a concept-feature matrix was derived which formed the basis of a cosine similarity matrix between the entities reflecting their similarity in meaning (called the "semantic cossimilarity matrix"). Independently, we calculated a cosine similarity matrix between the left perirhinal fMRI activity patterns evoked by the words (called the "fMRI cossimilarity matrix"). Next, the similarity was determined between the semantic cossimilarity matrix and the fMRI cossimilarity matrix. This was done for written and spoken words pooled, for written words only, for spoken words only, as well as for crossmodal pairs. Only for written words did the fMRI cossimilarity matrix correlate with the semantic cossimilarity matrix. Contrary to our prediction, we did not find any such effect for auditory word input nor did we find cross-modal effects in perirhinal cortex between written and auditory words. Our findings situate the contribution of left perirhinal cortex to word processing at the top of the visual processing pathway, rather than at an amodal stage where visual and auditory word processing pathways have already converged.

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“…As evidências em psicologia cognitiva e neurociências são controversas acerca de sua dissociação funcional em relação à memória explícita e quanto às bases neuroanatômicas (ex. : Wang, Lazzara, Ranganath, Knight, & Yonelinas, 2010). Além da pesquisa básica com indivíduos saudáveis, o paradigma de priming pode ser utilizado em pesquisas neuropsicológicas e neuropsiquiátricas, uma vez que condições clínicas que afetam a memória explícita podem manter o aprendizado implícito preservado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Considerações metodológicas na elaboração de experimentos com priming de repetição

2016

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ResumoO paradigma experimental do priming permite lançar luz sobre diferentes aspectos dos processos de memória e possui diversas aplicações. Priming é um efeito de memória implícita, no qual há a recuperação não consciente de informação experienciada recentemente. No Brasil, o volume de pesquisas utilizando esta metodologia é pouco expressivo se comparado à literatura internacional. Buscando incentivar estudos nesse paradigma, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir aspectos metodológicos relevantes à elaboração de experimentos com priming de repetição, com ênfase na seleção de materiais (software, estímulos normatizados para o Brasil e relevância de fatores psicolinguísticos) e na manipulação de variáveis (instruções e tempo de exposição dos estímulos, por exemplo). Concluiu-se que: a) PsycoPy é uma excelente opção de software de acesso livre, enquanto E-prime é uma excelente opção com exigência de licença; b) estímulos dos testes de priming precisam dispor de normas brasileiras, considerando aspectos psicolinguísticos e normas para as propriedades de estímulos pictórios; c) Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA) curtos (menores que 300 ms) associados à máscara são excelentes para investigar ativações automáticas e não conscientes de priming; e d) técnicas para reduzir a infl uência explícita devem ser utilizadas, como o Critério da Intencionalidade da Recuperação. São apresentadas recomendações para pesquisas futuras. Palavras-chave:Priming de repetição, memória implícita, psicologia experimental, cognição. Methodological Considerations in the Elaboration with Repetition Priming Experiments AbstractThe priming experimental paradigm sheds light on different aspects of memory processes and has several applications. Priming is an implicit memory effect, in which there is no conscious retrieval information recently experienced. In Brazil, very few studies using this methodology comparing to the international literature is observed. Aiming to encourage studies to use this paradigm, the goal of this paper is to present and discuss methodological aspects relevant to the elaboration of repetition priming 1 Endereço para correspondência: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,

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The Medial Temporal Lobe Supports Conceptual Implicit Memory

Cited by 100 publications

References 63 publications

Functional Dissociation of Hippocampal Mechanism during Implicit Learning Based on the Domain of Associations

Functional Dissociation of Hippocampal Mechanism during Implicit Learning Based on the Domain of Associations

Left perirhinal cortex codes for similarity in meaning between written words: Comparison with auditory word input

Considerações metodológicas na elaboração de experimentos com priming de repetição

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