The mechanisms of high gradient magnetic separation of human blood and bone marrow

Richards, A.J.; Roath, O.S.; Smith, JO; Watson, Joshua C.

doi:10.1109/20.486533

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It is a prototype of small dimensions, with a canister of 2 cm × 2 cm section and 1 cm length. These dimensions are close to those used in magnetic treatment of bone marrow, where the canister is typically 3 cm in diameter and 3 cm long [6,8]. The high-T c coil has been provided by Intermagnetics General Corporation; it is a Bi(2223)Ag layer-wound solenoid, constructed using the 'react and wind' method from 87 m 2.…”

Section: The High-t C Separator: the Coil The Iron Circuit And The Dewarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic separation using high- superconductors

Bolt¹,

Watson²

1998

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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A magnetic separator with an iron return circuit that employs a high- superconducting coil has been built on a small scale. This type of separator, using an iron yoke, has been used by the mineral industry for many years and there appears to be an opportunity for the retrofitting of superconducting coils into existing machines to run them much more cheaply and closer to saturation. This paper describes the design requirements of such an apparatus when a high- superconducting coil is used to generate ampère-turns instead of a resistive one, and in particular the necessity to limit the magnetic stray field at the coil below the critical values. The strong anisotropy of the critical current characteristics with respect to the direction of the magnetic field of the present high- tapes imposes the consideration of two load lines, one for the axial field and one for the radial field at the solenoid. From this analysis the radial component, perpendicular to the tape surface and hence in the low direction, determines the upper limit for the operating current at 77 K. The analysis has been carried out using a 3D finite element package to model the apparatus and to calculate magnetic fields in the air gap of the separator and on the coil windings. The performance of the separator has been tested at 77 K.

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Section: The High-t C Separator: the Coil The Iron Circuit And The Dewarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic separation using high- superconductors

Bolt¹,

Watson²

1998

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…Additionally, HGMS has been applied to biological applications, such as purification of proteins (Ditsch et al 2006), extracting synthesized organic compounds from water (Moeser et al 2002) and locally targeted drug delivery (Chen et al 2004;Yellen et al 2005). Various cell sorting or extraction systems using HGMS have been successfully demonstrated in macroscale systems (Miltenyi et al 1990;Thomas et al 1992;Richards et al 1996) and in microscale systems (Pamme and Wilhelm 2006;Pamme et al 2006;Schneider et al 2006;Adams et al 2008). However, the above mentioned biological applications require magnetic tagging of the cells and molecules in order to produce enough force for the systems to achieve effective separations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Six-stage cascade paramagnetic mode magnetophoretic separation system for human blood samples

Jung

Choi

Han

et al. 2010

Biomed Microdevices

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This paper is focused on the development of a six-stage cascade paramagnetic mode magnetophoretic separation (PMMS) system for separating suspended cells in blood based on their native magnetic properties. The design and fabrication of a PMMS system are presented and the microfluidic separation system is characterized experimentally using human whole blood as the case study. The PMMS system can separate blood cells types continuously using the magnetophoretic force produced from a high magnetic field gradient without magnetic or fluorescent tagging. Experimental results demonstrated that red blood cell separation in the PMMS system at a volumetric flow rate of 28.8 microL/hr, resulting in a separation time of 10.4 min for a 5.0 microL blood sample with a separation efficiency of 89.5 +/- 0.20%. The PMMS system was tested at higher volumetric flow rates of 50.4 microL/hr and 72.0 microL/hr. The measured separation efficiencies were 86.2 +/- 1.60% and 59.9 +/- 6.06% respectively.

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“…Membrane separation and centrifugation have been the two most well known methods of blood-plasma separation over the last couple of decades (Dorn et al 1978). Other methods are separation by ultrasound (Cousins et al 2000), and separation by magnetic means (Richards et al 1996;Kovacs et al 1998;Svoboda et al 2000). Yang et al (2005) have developed a technique of separating RBC from plasma in blood by controlling flow rate in micro-channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioparticle separation in non-Newtonian fluid using pulsed flow in micro-channels

Devarakonda

Han

Ahn

et al. 2006

Microfluid Nanofluid

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Micro total analysis system (lTAS) devices frequently need to deal with bio-particle suspensions in solution and separation of certain bio-particles is often desirable. Separation of plasma from the whole blood has become increasingly popular in clinical diagnostics. Using the coupled volume of fluid (VOF) and the discrete phase (DP) governing equations for multiphase flow, the effect of Newtonian viscosity of water and the non-Newtonian shear-thinning viscosity of blood on particle separation under pulsed pressure condition is determined. It is observed that the red blood cells (RBC) accumulate at the front of the blood column while the opposite is observed in water. For the selected parameters, 20% of the plasma observed is to be separated from the whole blood, while in contrast, for a 98% diluted blood, 45% of the plasma can be separated. The present calculations can be adopted to design the flow parameters necessary for the instantaneous separation of plasma from the whole and the diluted blood for lTAS; thus reducing the number of experimental studies.

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The mechanisms of high gradient magnetic separation of human blood and bone marrow

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Magnetic separation using high- superconductors

Magnetic separation using high- superconductors

Six-stage cascade paramagnetic mode magnetophoretic separation system for human blood samples

Bioparticle separation in non-Newtonian fluid using pulsed flow in micro-channels

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