The mechanisms and applications of friction energy dissipation

Abstract

About 30% of the world’s primary energy consumption is in friction. The economic losses caused by friction energy dissipation and wear account for about 2%–7% of its gross domestic product (GDP) for different countries every year. The key to reducing energy consumption is to control the way of energy dissipation in the friction process. However, due to many various factors affecting friction and the lack of efficient detection methods, the energy dissipation mechanism in friction is still a challenging problem. Here, we firstly introduce the classical microscopic mechanism of friction energy dissipation, including phonon dissipation, electron dissipation, and non-contact friction energy dissipation. Then, we attempt to summarize the ultrafast friction energy dissipation and introduce the high-resolution friction energy dissipation detection system, since the origin of friction energy dissipation is essentially related to the ultrafast dynamics of excited electrons and phonons. Finally, the application of friction energy dissipation in representative high-end equipment is discussed, and the potential economic saving is predicted.

Towards outstanding lubricity performance of proton-type ionic liquids or synergistic effects with friction modifiers used as oil additives at the steel/steel interface

“…3,4 Lubricants play an essential role in saving energy and extending the life of mechanical equipment. The use of lubricating oils and greases has proven to be an effective strategy for minimizing interfacial friction by avoiding direct contact between friction pairs, 5 thereby increasing the energy efficiency of various mechanical systems. However, a number of base oils alone cannot lubricate significantly under some extreme harsh conditions 6 and adding effective lubricating additives is necessary to reduce friction and wear associated with the energy conservation.…”

Synergistic Effect of Carbon Micro/Nano-Fillers and Surface Patterning on the Superlubric Performance of 3D-Printed Structures

“…Material friction is the primary source of damage, wear and degradation in virtually any mechanical system involving movement. The phenomenon is responsible for the futile consumption of 20% of the world’s primary energy product [ 1 ]. Reducing friction not only saves significant amounts of energy but also considerably lowers the time and costs for maintenance of industrial equipment, which in turn, cuts down on plants’ downtimes and boosts production.…”

Se Nanopowder Conversion into Lubricious 2D Selenide Layers by Tribochemical Reactions

“…At the macro‐scale, puckering and defect formation usually leads to COFs ≈0.1. [ 12,13 ] The most used TMD‐based solid lubricant is MoS 2 , even though selenides and tellurides have been recently reported to exhibit superior tribological properties. [ 14 ]…”

“…At the macro-scale, puckering and defect formation usually leads to COFs ≈0.1. [12,13] The most used TMD-based solid lubricant is MoS 2 , even though selenides and tellurides have been recently reported to exhibit superior tribological properties. [14] TMDs can be used in the form of solid lubricant coatings, as fillers in the making of self-lubricating polymers, or dispersed in oils and greases to achieve superior friction and wear properties.…”