The Mechanism Underlying the Spasmolytic and Bronchodilatory Activities 
 of the Flavonoid-rich Red Onion “Allium cepa L.” 
 Peel Extract

Mandukhail, Saf-ur-Rehman; Ahmed, Atallah F.; Al-Yous, Hanan M.; Al-Q, Jawaher Hamad; Gilani, Anwarul Hassan

doi:10.3923/ijp.2014.82.89

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In guinea pigs also, the AcE (0.3–3 mg/mL) relaxed both CCh (1 μ M) and high K + -induced contraction of TSM concentration dependently and shifted the isoprenaline-induced relaxation concentration-response curves to the left, similar to effect of papaverine. The results indicated that the relaxant effect of the AcE on TSM is mediated through inhibition of Ca 2+ channels and phosphodiesterase enzyme-like mechanism, suggesting red onion peel as a bronchodilatory agent in obstructive pulmonary diseases [ 85 ].…”

Section: Bronchodilatory Effect Of a Cepa And Its Constituents And Relieving Effects Of These Agents On Obstructive Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Allium cepa and Its Constituents on Respiratory and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence

Beigoli

Behrouz

Memarzia

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The health benefits of Allium cepa (A. cepa) have been proclaimed for centuries. Various pharmacological and therapeutic effects on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders are shown by A. cepa and its constituents. Flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, alk(en)yl cysteine sulfoxides including S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide and S-propyl cysteine sulfoxide, cycloalliin, thiosulfinates, and sulfides are the main compounds of the plant. A. cepa displays broad-spectrum pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic effects. Our objective in this review is to present the effects of A. cepa and its constituents on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders. Different online databases were searched to find articles related to the effect of A. cepa extracts and its constituents on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders until the end of December 2020 using keywords such as onion, A. cepa, constituents of A. cepa, therapeutic effects and pharmacological effects, and respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders. Extracts and constituents of A. cepa showed tracheal smooth muscle relaxant effects, indicating possible bronchodilator activities or relieving effects on obstructive respiratory diseases. In experimental animal models of different respiratory diseases, the preventive effect of various extracts and constituents of A. cepa was induced by their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects. The preventive effects of the plant and its components on lung disorders induced by exposure to noxious agents as well as lung cancer, lung infection, and allergic and immunologic disorders were also indicated in the experimental and clinical studies. Therefore, this review may be considered a scientific basis for development of therapies using this plant, to improve respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders.

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Section: Bronchodilatory Effect Of a Cepa And Its Constituents And Relieving Effects Of These Agents On Obstructive Pumentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Allium cepa and Its Constituents on Respiratory and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence

Beigoli

Behrouz

Memarzia

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Usually, plant extracts exhibit gut-stimulatory activity by cholinergic-like actions 20 and gut-inhibitory effects by a Ca 2+ channel-blocker (CCB) effect, 25 phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition, 26 and/or K + -channel activation. 26 To determine whether MSL.Cr also possessed such mechanism(s), low K + (25 mM)-, high K + (80 mM)-, and CChinduced spasms were produced in the tissue and corresponding effects of the different doses of MSL.Cr on relaxation concentration-response curves (CRCs) obtained. [27][28][29][30]…”

Section: In Vitro Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Multiple Pathway–Mediated Gut-Modulatory Effects of <em>Maerua subcordata</em> (Gilg) DeWolf</p>

Palla¹,

Sibhat

Karim

et al. 2020

JEP

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Background Gastrointestinal disorders are often poorly managed, especially in developing countries, where there are limited resources and therapeutic options. Despite the rich diversity of medicinal plants that offer effective treatment options with fewer side effects, studies that provide scientific verification are lacking. Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf is among the plants claimed to have wide traditional medicine, use, including as a remedy against gastrointestinal problems. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the gut-modulatory effects of a crude leaf extract of M. subcordata (MSL.Cr), as well as its possible mechanism of action. Methods A castor oil (10 mL/kg)–induced diarrheal mouse model was used to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of MSL.Cr, and the spasmodic/antispasmodic effect of the extract was assessed using isolated rabbit jejunum with and without addition of standard cholinergic agonists/antagonists to predict the possible mechanism of action. Results MSL.Cr exhibited 40% and 80% protection against castor oil–induced diarrhea in mice at doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg, respectively. In isolated rabbit jejunum, the extract increased spontaneous contractions at low doses (0.01–0.1 mg/mL), and was sensitive to atropine, whereas it showed complete inhibition at higher doses (0.3–1 mg/mL). It was shown that the relaxant effect was possibly mediated by the involvement of phosphodiesterase-enzyme inhibition and K + -channel activation. The extract potentiated the control concentration–response curve of carbachol, shifting it to the left, similarly to the control drug papaverine. The potassium-channel opening–like activity of MSL.Cr was possibly mediated by the involvement of aspecific K + -channels inhibition, since tetraethylammonium, anunselective antagonist of K + channels, significantly reversed its inhibitory effect. Conclusion This study showed that the M. subcordata leaf extract demonstrated gut-modulatory effects, possibly mediated by a combination of muscarinic-receptor stimulation, phosphodiesterase inhibition, and aspecific K + -channel activation.

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Antidiarrheal and Antispasmodic Activities of Buddleja polystachya are Mediated Through Dual Inhibition of Ca⁺⁺ Influx and Phosphodiesterase Enzyme

Rehman

Gilani

Khan

et al. 2015

Phytotherapy Research

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This study describes the antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Buddleja polystachya (Bp.Cr) with possible mode of action explored along with activity-directed fractionation. Bp.Cr and its aqueous (Bp.Aq) and organic fractions, petroleum ether (Bp.Pet), dichloromethane (Bp.DCM), ethylacetate (Bp.EtAc) and butanol (Bp.But), were tested using the in-vivo and in-vitro assays. The crude extract (100-300 mg/kg) showed 20 and 60% protection of castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice. In isolated rabbit jejunum, Bp.Cr like papaverine inhibited spontaneous and high K(+) (80 mM)-induced contractions equi-potently. In guinea-pig ileum, Bp.Cr showed a moderate spasmogenic effect. The activity-directed fractionation revealed that the spasmolytic activity was concentrated in the organic fractions and spasmogenic component in the aqueous fraction. Amongst the organic fractions, BP.DCM and Bp.Pet inhibited spontaneous and high K(+) -induced contractions equi-potently, while Bp.But, like verapamil was more potent against high K(+) . The crude extract and its organic fractions caused rightward shift in the Ca(++) -concentration response curves (CRCs), similar to verapamil, and all except Bp.But potentiated the isoprenaline-inhibitory CRCs to the left, similar to papaverine. The results of this study indicate that the crude extract of B. polystachya possesses antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities, mediated possibly through dual inhibition of Ca(++) influx and phospodiesterase enzyme.

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The Mechanism Underlying the Spasmolytic and Bronchodilatory Activities of the Flavonoid-rich Red Onion “Allium cepa L.” Peel Extract

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of Allium cepa and Its Constituents on Respiratory and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence

Effects of Allium cepa and Its Constituents on Respiratory and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence

<p>Multiple Pathway–Mediated Gut-Modulatory Effects of <em>Maerua subcordata</em> (Gilg) DeWolf</p>

Antidiarrheal and Antispasmodic Activities of Buddleja polystachya are Mediated Through Dual Inhibition of Ca⁺⁺ Influx and Phosphodiesterase Enzyme

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The Mechanism Underlying the Spasmolytic and Bronchodilatory Activities of the Flavonoid-rich Red Onion “Allium cepa L.” Peel Extract

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of Allium cepa and Its Constituents on Respiratory and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence

Effects of Allium cepa and Its Constituents on Respiratory and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence

<p>Multiple Pathway–Mediated Gut-Modulatory Effects of <em>Maerua subcordata</em> (Gilg) DeWolf</p>

Antidiarrheal and Antispasmodic Activities of Buddleja polystachya are Mediated Through Dual Inhibition of Ca++ Influx and Phosphodiesterase Enzyme

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Antidiarrheal and Antispasmodic Activities of Buddleja polystachya are Mediated Through Dual Inhibition of Ca⁺⁺ Influx and Phosphodiesterase Enzyme