The mechanism of the surfactant-aided soil washing system for hydrophobic and partial hydrophobic organics

Chu, Wei; Chan, K. H.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(02)00461-8

Cited by 134 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Several classes of chemicals used for soil washing include surfactants, cosolvents, cyclodextrins, chelating agents and organic acids (USEPA, 1990;Wood et al, 1990;Chu and Chan, 2003;Gao et al, 2003;Maturi and Reddy, 2008;Zhang et al, 2009;Zvinowanda et al, 2009). All these soil washing extractants have been developed on a case-by-case basis depending on the contaminant type at a particular site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using organic chelating acids

Wuana

Okieimen

Imborvungu

2010

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

281

139

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Changes in heavy metal speciation and uptake by maize in a soil before and after washing with chelating organic acids, citric acid, tartaric acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were assessed. A sandy loam was collected from the vicinity of the Benue industrial layout, Makurdi, Nigeria and spiked with a quinternary mixture of nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead nitrates to achieve higher levels of contamination. Batch soil washing experiments performed on 1.0 g portions of the spiked soil using 0.05 M chelating agents at a solid:liquid ratio of 1:25 showed that washing efficiencies varied in the order: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid> citric acid> tartaric acid with metal extraction yields typically following the sequence, copper> nickel> zinc> cadmium> lead. Sequential extractions proposed by the European Communities Bureau of Reference method used to assess the redistribution of heavy metal forms in the soil showed that apparent metal mobilities were reduced upon soil washing. Citric acid removed most of the metals hitherto associated with the exchangeable and reducible fractions; tartaric acid, the exchangeable metal pools; and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, the non-residual metal pools. Heavy metal assay of harvested biomass of maize grown on unwashed and washed soil samples indicated that metal transfer coefficients, decreased in the order of treatment: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using organic chelating acids

Wuana

Okieimen

Imborvungu

2010

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

281

139

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“…One of them is surfactant enhanced soil washing. Many paper related with surfactant enhanced soil washing deals with aspects such as the selection of ideal surfactant and doses, soil washing mechanisms and modeling of the process (Chu and So, 2001;Chu and Chan, 2003), the use of different driving forces for surfactant enhanced soil washing, i.e. air sparging and flotation (Zhang, et al, 2001;Urum, et al, 2005) and other engineering aspects (Zhou, et al, 2005).Our research group has been studying for years this remediation technique at laboratory, pilot plant and full-scale levels, for decontamination of soil containing diesel, gasolines, crude oil and other petroleum fractions (Torres, et al, 2003;Iturbe, et al, 2004 a;Iturbe, et al, 2004 b;Lopez, et al, 2004;Torres, et al, 2005a;Torres, et al, 2005b, Torres, et al;2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and treatability of a contaminated soil from an oil exploration zone

Torres

Climent

Saquelares

et al. 2007

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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ABSTRACT:A crude contaminated soil, arising from an oil production zone in Tabasco, Mexico was studied. A sample of about 40 kg was dried and screened through meshes 10-100. Total petroleum hydrocarbons and 6 metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, V and Zn) were determined to the different portions. For soil which passed mesh 10, six non-ionic, three anionic and one zwitterionic surfactant solutions (0.5%) were employed to wash the soil. Additional tests using surfactant salt mixtures and surfactants mixtures were carried out. Once the best soil washing conditions were identified, these experimental conditions were applied for washing the rest of the soil portions obtained (meshes 4, 6, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100). Total petroleum hydrocarbons values were in the range of 51,550 to 192,130 mg/kg. Cd was not found in any of the soils portions, and the rest of the metals were found at different concentrations, for every soil mesh. Treatability tests applied to the soils indicated that it is possible to get removals between 9.1 to 20.5%. For the case of a sodium dodecyl sulphate 1% solution, total petroleum hydrocarbons removal was as high as 35.4%. Combinations of sodium docecyl sulphate and salts, gave removal rates up to 49.5%. Total petroleum hydrocarbons concentrations for the whole soil were about 150,600 mg/kg. The higher the particle size, the lower the washing removal rate. The combined effect of particle size and total petroleum hydrocarbons concentration, determines the total petroleum hydrocarbons removal efficiencies. These facts are very important for designing an appropriate soil washing remediation process.

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“…The Decision Support System is designed by ranking the contaminants, soil type, cost, efficiency and duration of operation as shown in Table 1 [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The comparative evaluation of soil remediation techniques using decision support system comprising of contaminant type, cost, soil type (Table 2).…”

Section: Methodology (Decision Support System)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Application of Decision Support System in Petroleum Contaminated Ogoniland in South-Southern Nigeria

Emeka¹

2016

J Pet Environ Biotechnol

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Land is an indispensable natural resource made up of soil and groundwater, both of which have many functions for which we depend on, support of agricultural activities, engineering structures, portable water for domestic and industrial use as well as sustenance of flora and fauna in order to maintain favorable ecosystem. Contaminants in land pose a number of threats to public health and the environment; other natural resources; and have detrimental effects on property such as buildings, crops and live stocks. The most effective method of dealing with these contaminants is to cleaning up and returning the sites to beneficial use. The cleanup process involves making a choice from amongst competing remediation methods, where the wrong choice may have disastrous social, economic and environmental impact. This work presents the development of a Decision Support System via thorough literature survey. The Developed DSS was applied to petroleum contaminated site in Ogoniland South-East Nigeria. Finally, Air sparging, phyto-remediation and soil vapour extraction methods were systematically recommended.

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The mechanism of the surfactant-aided soil washing system for hydrophobic and partial hydrophobic organics

Cited by 134 publications

References 31 publications

Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using organic chelating acids

Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using organic chelating acids

Characterization and treatability of a contaminated soil from an oil exploration zone

Theoretical Application of Decision Support System in Petroleum Contaminated Ogoniland in South-Southern Nigeria

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