The mechanism of the increase in glomerular filtration rate in the twelve‐day pregnant rat.

Baylis, Christine

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1980.sp013372

Cited by 101 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The effect of pregnancy on the latter has recently been investigated in Munich-Wistar rats and the increased g.f.r. attributed to an increased renal plasma flow (Baylis, 1980). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pregnancy on glucose handling by rat kidneys.

Bishop¹,

Green²

1980

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY1. Glomerular filtration rate (g.f.r.), and renal reabsorption and excretion of glucose, sodium and potassium were measured in 7-8 day pregnant rats and agematched (12-13 week old) virgin controls undergoing saline and glucose infusions.2. Pregnancy was associated with an increased g.f.r. and a decreased urine flow rate during both infusions.3. During saline infusion, more glucose was excreted in pregnant animals than in virgins but with no significant difference in fractional reabsorption. During glucose infusion, pregnant animals excreted less glucose than virgins, owing to a decrease in the filtered load but with no significant difference in fractional reabsorption.4. During both saline and glucose infusion, pregnant animals excreted less sodium than virgin controls.5. During saline infusion, pregnant animals excreted more potassium. During glucose infusion, pregnant animals excreted less potassium than control animals.

show abstract

“…The effect of pregnancy on the latter has recently been investigated in Munich-Wistar rats and the increased g.f.r. attributed to an increased renal plasma flow (Baylis, 1980). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pregnancy on glucose handling by rat kidneys.

Bishop¹,

Green²

1980

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Through elegant micropuncture studies in pregnant rodent models, Baylis examined each of the aforementioned determinants of GFR. In the 12-day pregnant rat, the investigators demonstrated a 34% increase in single glomerular plasma flow and a comparable 30% increase in the single nephron GFR, changes that were proportional to whole kidney GFR and renal plasma flow (RPF) measurements (6). In addition, the investigators noted that elevations in single nephron GFR were achieved without significant contributions from the other determinants of GFR.…”

Section: Renal Functionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Obstetric Nephrology

Odutayo

Hladunewich

2012

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

165

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryGlomerular hyperfiltration, altered tubular function, and shifts in electrolyte-fluid balance are among the hallmark renal physiologic changes that characterize a healthy pregnancy. These adjustments are not only critical to maternal and fetal well being, but also provide the clinical context for identifying gestational aberrations in renal function and electrolyte composition. Systemic vasodilation characterizes early gestation and produces increments in renal plasma flow and GFR, the latter of which is maintained into the postpartum period. In addition, renal tubular changes allow for the accumulation of nutrients and electrolytes necessary for fetal growth such that wasting of proteins, glucose, and amino acids in urine is limited in pregnancy and total body stores of electrolytes increase throughout gestation. Substantial insight into the mechanisms underlying these complex adjustments can be gleaned from the available animal and human literature, but our understanding in many areas remains incomplete. This article reviews the available literature on renal adaptation to normal pregnancy, including renal function, tubular function, and electrolyte-fluid balance, along with the clinical ramifications of these adjustments, the limitations of the existing literature, and suggestions for future studies.

show abstract

“…1) (118). Investigations in gravid rats and women show that the rise in GFR is due largely to increases in RPF without elevation in glomerular hydrostatic pressure as a consequence of parallel decreases in both afferent and efferent arteriolar resistances (14,132,134,161). In mothers past their child-bearing years (ϳ52 yr of age), estimated GFR as calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula was not reduced by multiparity, nor was there an elevation in urinary protein excretion (87).…”

Section: Renal Plasma Flow and Glomerular Filtration In Normal Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

The renal circulation in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia: is there a place for relaxin?

Conrad

Davison

2014

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conrad KP, Davison JM. The renal circulation in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia: is there a place for relaxin?. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 306: F1121-F1135, 2014. First published March 19, 2014 doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00042.2014.-During the first trimester of human pregnancy, the maternal systemic circulation undergoes remarkable vasodilation. The kidneys participate in this vasodilatory response resulting in marked increases in renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Comparable circulatory adaptations are observed in conscious gravid rats. Administration of the corpus luteal hormone relaxin (RLN) to nonpregnant rats and humans elicits vasodilatory changes like those of pregnancy. Systemic and renal vasodilation are compromised in midterm pregnant rats by neutralization or elimination of circulating RLN and in women conceiving with donor eggs who lack a corpus luteum and circulating RLN. Although RLN exerts both rapid (minutes) and sustained (hours to days) vasodilatory actions through different molecular mechanisms, a final common pathway is endothelial nitric oxide. In preeclampsia (PE), maternal systemic and renal vasoconstriction leads to hypertension and modest reduction in GFR exceeding that of RPF. Elevated level of circulating soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 arising from the placenta is implicated in the hypertension and disruption of glomerular fenestrae and barrier function, the former causing reduced K f and the latter proteinuria. Additional pathogenic factors are discussed. Last, potential clinical ramifications include RLN replacement in women conceiving with donor eggs and its therapeutic use in PE. Another goal has been to apply knowledge gained from investigating circulatory adaptations in pregnancy toward identifying and developing novel therapeutic strategies for renal and cardiovascular disease in the nonpregnant population. So far, one candidate to emerge is RLN and its potential therapeutic use in heart failure. renal hemodynamics; glomerular filtration; osmoregulation; relaxin; nitric oxide; assisted reproductive technology; glomerular endotheliosis; soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1; heart failure Renal Plasma Flow and Glomerular Filtration in Normal PregnancyMARKED VASODILATION OF THE MATERNAL CIRCULATION occurs in the first trimester of human pregnancy. Consequently, there is a precipitous and profound decline in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) that in turn abets a reciprocal increase in cardiac output (CO) of ϳ40% or 2 l/min lasting throughout pregnancy (23,163). Vasodilation of nonreproductive organs like the kidneys accounts mostly for the early gestational fall in SVR and rise in CO. The fall in SVR is nearly offset by the rise in CO; hence, mean arterial pressure (MAP) declines, but only modestly, by 5-10 mmHg (23,38,163). Although counterintuitive, this metamorphosis of the maternal circulation is virtually complete by the end of the first or beginning of the second trimester, when fetal crown rump length and place...

show abstract

The mechanism of the increase in glomerular filtration rate in the twelve‐day pregnant rat.

Cited by 101 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of pregnancy on glucose handling by rat kidneys.

Effects of pregnancy on glucose handling by rat kidneys.

Obstetric Nephrology

The renal circulation in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia: is there a place for relaxin?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About