The mechanism of n-pentane partial oxidation on VPO and VPBiO catalysts

Zazhigalov, V. A.; Haber, J.; Stoch, J.; Cheburakova, E. V.

doi:10.1016/s1566-7367(01)00063-2

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The combination and oxidation of C 3 and C 4 species or C 4 and C 4 species could lead to the formation of benzoic acid and phthalic anhydride as observed in the reactions. Haber and coworkers proposed that phthalic anhydride can be produced in n-pentane oxidation when maleic anhydride reacts with 1,3-butandiene via the Diels-Alder reaction and then followed by an oxidative dehydrogenation process [22]. In a similar manner, benzoic acid can be formed between 1,3-butandiene and acrylic acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If a new process could be developed to meet the industrial requirements, it would be an alternative to the currently adopted acetone-cyanohydrin route. It was reported that the catalytic oxidation of pentane would lead to the formation of maleic anhydride [22] or both maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride [23]. Maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride are important monomers in polymer chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The partial oxidation of C4–C6 alkanes to maleic anhydride, 2-methyl maleic anhydride, and acetic acid over MoVO catalysts

Chen

Tang

et al. 2006

Catal Lett

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Alkanes such as iso-butane, n-pentane, and cyclohexane have been converted effectively to maleic anhydride, 2-methyl maleic anhydride, and acetic acid over MoVO catalysts below 330°C. In order to explore the possible reaction pathways, the oxidation of iso-butene, cyclohexene, 2-methyl-1-propanol, tert-butanol, and 2-methylacrylic acid were examined over the catalysts. In isobutene oxidation, acetic acid and 2-methyl maleic anhydride were detected but not maleic anhydride. In cyclohexene oxidation, benzene and phenol were detected as major products but it was not the case in cyclohexane oxidation. The results of our investigation indicate that the oxidation pathway of iso-butane is different from that of iso-butene, 2-methyl-1-propanol, tertbutanol, and 2-methylacrylic acid, whereas the oxidation pathway of cyclohexane is different from that of cyclohexene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The partial oxidation of C4–C6 alkanes to maleic anhydride, 2-methyl maleic anhydride, and acetic acid over MoVO catalysts

Chen

Tang

et al. 2006

Catal Lett

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“…The similar trend in conversion is due to a similar reduction pattern observed in TPR and the difference in the selectivity is related to the Ca/P and Co/P ratios. Also, phosphorus stabilizes the active +4 valence state of vanadium and influences its oxidation properties 3,5,9 . In the supported VPO catalysts, phosphorus is present in the hydroxyapatite and VPO and there is a substantial increase in the amount of phosphorus at higher VPO loadings.…”

Section: Catalytic Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selective and controlled oxidation of hydrocarbons using heterogeneous catalysts to produce these compounds, occupy an important place in the chemical industry 2,3 . Vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) was found to be efficient in converting n-pentane to maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride 4,5 . This catalytic reaction is promoted by the existence of both the vanadyl pyrophosphate (VPP) as well as of VOPO 4 phases in VPO 5,6 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) was found to be efficient in converting n-pentane to maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride 4,5 . This catalytic reaction is promoted by the existence of both the vanadyl pyrophosphate (VPP) as well as of VOPO 4 phases in VPO 5,6 . Supported VPO catalysts showed an enhancement in the selectivity towards maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Partial oxidation of n-pentane over vanadium phosphorus oxide supported on hydroxyapatites

Singh

2016

S.Afr.j.chem.

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The selective oxidation of n-pentane to value-added products, maleic anhydride or phthallic anhydride by vanadium phosphorus oxide loaded on hydroxyapatites as catalysts and oxygen as oxidant was investigated. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and cobalthydroxyapatite (Co-HAp) were prepared by the co-precipitation method and VPO with varying weight percentages (2.5-15.0 %) were loaded on the hydroxyapatite supports by the wet impregnation technique. The catalyst materials were characterized by surface area measurements, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and temperatureprogrammed reduction (TPR). VPO is present in two phases, viz. (VO) 2 P 2 O 7 and VOPO 4 . With increase in the VPO loading on the hydroxyapatites, the (VO) 2 P 2 O 7 phase also increased. From catalytic results, a conversion of 75 % of n-pentane and selectivity towards maleic anhydride, about 50 % and phthalic anhydride, about 25 %, were consistently achieved with loadings of 5.0 and 7.5 wt. % VPO at 360°C for GHSVs of 1900 and 2300 h -1 . Under optimum conditions, product yields of up to 40 % maleic anhydride and 20 % phthalic anhydride were obtained. It is proposed that the products formed through the diene intermediate. KEYWORDSSelective oxidation, n-pentane, vanadium phosphorus oxide, hydroxyapatite, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride.

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Formation of Phthalic Anhydride by Diels–Alder Reaction During n-Pentane Oxidation on VPO Catalysts and Control of the Process Selectivity

Zazhigalov

Kiziun

2017

Theor Exp Chem

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The mechanism of n-pentane partial oxidation on VPO and VPBiO catalysts

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

The partial oxidation of C4–C6 alkanes to maleic anhydride, 2-methyl maleic anhydride, and acetic acid over MoVO catalysts

The partial oxidation of C4–C6 alkanes to maleic anhydride, 2-methyl maleic anhydride, and acetic acid over MoVO catalysts

Partial oxidation of n-pentane over vanadium phosphorus oxide supported on hydroxyapatites

Formation of Phthalic Anhydride by Diels–Alder Reaction During n-Pentane Oxidation on VPO Catalysts and Control of the Process Selectivity

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