The mechanism of antigen-presentation of avian bone marrowed dendritic cells suppressed by infectious bronchitis virus

Zuo, Jinjiao; Cao, Yanan; Wang, Zhisheng; Shah, Abid Ullah; Wang, Wenlei; Dai, Chen; Chen, Mingjia; Lin, Jian; Yang, Qian

doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.04.027

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Using chicken bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs), Liu et al (2020) examined the effect of H9N2 AIV infection on their transcriptomic profile and found H9N2 virus infection may enhance the signal transduction and innate immune responses but impair their metabolic functions and antigen-presenting responses. Zuo et al (2021) found that both non-structural protein 7 and 16 of IBV inhibited the maturation and cytokines secretion of BMDCs as well as their abilities to present antigen. Liang et al (2015) found that inactive IBDV displayed stronger ability than live IBDV to up-regulate the expression of CD40 and CD86 on BMDCs and to stimulate naive T cells proliferation, suggesting live IBDV infection-impaired DC maturation and functions.…”

Section: In Vitro Antigen-presenting Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 94%

The Evaluation of Cellular Immunity to Avian Viral Diseases: Methods, Applications, and Challenges

et al. 2021

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Cellular immune responses play critical roles in the control of viral infection. However, the immune protection against avian viral diseases (AVDs), a major challenge to poultry industry, is yet mainly evaluated by measuring humoral immune response though antibody-independent immune protection was increasingly evident in the development of vaccines against some of these diseases. The evaluation of cellular immune response to avian viral infection has long been neglected due to limited reagents and methods. Recently, with the availability of more immunological reagents and validated approaches, the evaluation of cellular immunity has become feasible and necessary for AVD. Herein, we reviewed the methods used for evaluating T cell immunity in chickens following infection or vaccination, which are involved in the definition of different cellular subset, the analysis of T cell activation, proliferation and cytokine secretion, and in vitro culture of antigen-presenting cells (APC) and T cells. The pros and cons of each method were discussed, and potential future directions to enhance the studies of avian cellular immunity were suggested. The methodological improvement and standardization in analyzing cellular immune response in birds after viral infection or vaccination would facilitate the dissection of mechanism of immune protection and the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics against AVD.

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Section: In Vitro Antigen-presenting Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 94%

The Evaluation of Cellular Immunity to Avian Viral Diseases: Methods, Applications, and Challenges

et al. 2021

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“…However, studies on the role of bone marrow in resistance to pathogenic infections have mainly focused on myeloid cells. For example, Salmonella outer membrane vesicles promote the development of monocytes into macrophages in the bone marrow [32], and infectious bronchitis virus inhibits antigen presentation by bone marrow dendritic cells [33]. In the current study, 10x scRNA-seq was used to characterize the composition of chicken bone marrow lymphocytes in different levels of ALV-J infection, the response of bone marrow lymphocytes to ALV-J infection, and the differences between virus-infected and non-virus-infected lymphocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using ScRNA-seq to Reveal Lymphocyte Responses to ALV-J in Bone Marrow Microenvironment

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The main tumors in chicken caused by avian leukemia virus (ALV) are leukemia. The bone marrow microenvironment is the genesis of leukemia, but little is known about the state of the chicken bone marrow microenvironment under avian leukemia virus subgroup J (ALV-J) infection. Meanwhile, alterations in the immune status of the bone marrow microenvironment are closely associated with the development of leukemia. Results: In this article, scRNA-seq was used on chicken bone marrow lymphocytes with different states of ALV-J infection to identify marker genes, cell states, and subgroups of lymphocytes. A total of eighteen clusters and their potential marker genes were identified. Among them, eight T cell clusters, two B cell clusters, and five tumor-like cell clusters were identified, whereas three clusters could not be identified. Among ten lymphocyte clusters, double-positive T cells (cluster_2), B1-like B cells (cluster_7), and cytotoxic T cells (cluster_9) responded strongly to ALV-J infection. Their differentially expressed genes were highly enriched in immune-related pathways and viral infection-related pathways, and they accounted for a large proportion and variation in samples with different clinical symptoms of ALV-J infection. The immunosuppressive state of bone marrow microenvironment was stronger after the occurrence of more severe ALV-J infection. Regulatory T cells and CTLA4T cells were more predominant in samples with more severe ALV-J infection. Immunosuppressive factors TGFB1 and IL16 were expressed in multiple clusters, and the expression of TGFB1 and IL16 was higher in samples with more severe ALV-J infection. ALV-J infected all clusters, but in the same cluster of cells, a fraction of cells expressed ALV-J transcripts, whereas the other fraction did not. Meanwhile, in the same cluster of cells expressing ALV-J transcripts, the pathway associated with intracellular antiviral infection, “Signaling by Rho Family GTPases” was activated. By using IPA analysis software, some upstream regulatory elements (MYCand MCYN) responsible for this difference were predicted. Conclusions: Decreased immunocompetence in the bone marrow microenvironment caused by ALV-J maybe associated with occurrence of leukemia. The cells in the same cluster showed different susceptibility to ALV-J. Our results could contribute to the understanding of bone marrow lymphocytes in different infection states of ALV-J.

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“…Generally, it is believed that the nsp7/nsp8 complex is used as a primer enzyme to bind with IBV nsp12 and play a vital auxiliary role in the synthesis of viral RNA (39)(40)(41). Recently, there was a report showing that IBV nsp7 and nsp16 can inhibit the maturation and cytokine secretion of bone marrow dendriticlike cells, and then block its antigen presentation ability (42). It implied that in addition to antagonizing the innate immune process, the non-structural proteins of IBV may also participate in the regulation of specific immune responses in the late stage of infection.…”

Section: Nsp7 and Nsp16: Block The Antigen Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Knowledge on Infectious Bronchitis Virus Non-structural Proteins: The Bearer for Achieving Immune Evasion Function

et al. 2022

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Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the first coronavirus discovered in the world, which is also the prototype of gamma-coronaviruses. Nowadays, IBV is widespread all over the world and has become one of the causative agent causing severe economic losses in poultry industry. Generally, it is believed that the viral replication and immune evasion functions of IBV were modulated by non-structural and accessory proteins, which were also considered as the causes for its pathogenicity. In this study, we summarized the current knowledge about the immune evasion functions of IBV non-structural and accessory proteins. Some non-structural proteins such as nsp2, nsp3, and nsp15 have been shown to antagonize the host innate immune response. Also, nsp7 and nsp16 can block the antigen presentation to inhibit the adapted immune response. In addition, nsp13, nsp14, and nsp16 are participating in the formation of viral mRNA cap to limit the recognition by innate immune system. In conclusion, it is of vital importance to understand the immune evasion functions of IBV non-structural and accessory proteins, which could help us to further explore the pathogenesis of IBV and provide new horizons for the prevention and treatment of IBV in the future.

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The mechanism of antigen-presentation of avian bone marrowed dendritic cells suppressed by infectious bronchitis virus

Cited by 8 publications

References 68 publications

The Evaluation of Cellular Immunity to Avian Viral Diseases: Methods, Applications, and Challenges

The Evaluation of Cellular Immunity to Avian Viral Diseases: Methods, Applications, and Challenges

Using ScRNA-seq to Reveal Lymphocyte Responses to ALV-J in Bone Marrow Microenvironment

Current Knowledge on Infectious Bronchitis Virus Non-structural Proteins: The Bearer for Achieving Immune Evasion Function

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