The mechanism and impact of mono/bis(iodoimidazolium) halogen bond donor catalysts on Michael addition of indole with trans-crotonophenone: DFT calculations
Abstract:The bidentate halogen bond donor catalysts in organic reactions have attracted greatly attention in recent years. In this work, the catalytic mechanism of mono/bis(iodoimidazolium) halogen bond donor catalysts on the...
“…The analysis focused on understanding the underlying mechanisms of these two activation modes and their respective impact on the catalytic processes. The O- and π-type activation modes of the heteroatomic catalysts (CAT3, CAT4, CAT6, and CAT8) exhibited different substrate activation modes but consistently shared the same anticipated mechanism for TS1 (Figure ). Notably, the π-type activated TS1 was found to be more energetically stable in all of the bidentate catalytic systems, while the monodentate CAT4 showed a preference for the O-activation mode.…”
Halogen-bond-based organocatalysis is a promising alternative
to
extensively explored hydrogen-bond-based catalysis. This paper presents
a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the structural and electronic
properties of the σ-hole, as well as the computational design
of a series of electronically activated monodentate and bidentate
iodine and benzimidazolium achiral donor systems, inspired by experimental
and computational papers published in the past decade. The aforementioned
activation modes are compared, and the mechanistic details of the
reaction are discussed.
“…The analysis focused on understanding the underlying mechanisms of these two activation modes and their respective impact on the catalytic processes. The O- and π-type activation modes of the heteroatomic catalysts (CAT3, CAT4, CAT6, and CAT8) exhibited different substrate activation modes but consistently shared the same anticipated mechanism for TS1 (Figure ). Notably, the π-type activated TS1 was found to be more energetically stable in all of the bidentate catalytic systems, while the monodentate CAT4 showed a preference for the O-activation mode.…”
Halogen-bond-based organocatalysis is a promising alternative
to
extensively explored hydrogen-bond-based catalysis. This paper presents
a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the structural and electronic
properties of the σ-hole, as well as the computational design
of a series of electronically activated monodentate and bidentate
iodine and benzimidazolium achiral donor systems, inspired by experimental
and computational papers published in the past decade. The aforementioned
activation modes are compared, and the mechanistic details of the
reaction are discussed.
“…The MEP of a molecule plays an important role in estimating intermolecular interactions. [69][70][71] Fig. 3 shows the electrostatic potential diagrams of Mn(CO) 5 and the six solvents.…”
Transition metal catalyzed alkynes functionalization reaction can produce useful organic reagents, which is the most atom-economical, green and sustainable process to combine triple bonds into functional molecules. In this work,...
“…Constructing efficient and practical carbon‐carbon bonds has always been the goal of scientists, and it still occupies a priority position in the field of organic chemistry. There are many reactions to construct carbon‐carbon bonds, such as Michael addition reaction, Diels‐Alder reaction, Friedel‐Crafts reaction, Nazarov cyclization reaction, Mukaiyama aldol condensation reaction [20–23] . The Rauhut‐Currier (RC) reaction is also an important basic reaction for the efficient construction of carbon‐carbon bonds, [24–26] and which can be traced back to a US patent by Rauhut, M and Currier, H [27] in 1963.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are many reactions to construct carbon-carbon bonds, such as Michael addition reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, Friedel-Crafts reaction, Nazarov cyclization reaction, Mukaiyama aldol condensation reaction. [20][21][22][23] The Rauhut-Currier (RC) reaction is also an important basic reaction for the efficient construction of carbon-carbon bonds, [24][25][26] and which can be traced back to a US patent by Rauhut, M and Currier, H [27] in 1963. The RC reaction is the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond between the α-position of an unsaturated olefin and the βposition of another unsaturated alkene under the catalysis of a nucleophilic catalyst.…”
Recently, the green and high efficient of chalcogen bond (ChB) catalysis has been aroused great interest. In this work, the ChB catalysis has been applied to the intramolecular Rauhut-Currier (RC) reaction of bis(enones). The mechanism was divided into four processes: the promoter addition process, the carbon-carbon bond coupling process, the hydrogen transfer process, and the promoter elimination process. This study shows that the ChB catalyst could act on the promoter and reactant in the RC reaction, respectively.And the path 2 of ChB catalyst direct acting on the reactant is considered to be a relatively favorable channel of the reaction due to a lower energy barrier. In addition, all six catalysts could achieve good catalytic effect. Analysis of the properties shows that the formation of chalcogen bond mainly promotes the charge transfer of LP(O)À BD*(CÀ Se) in the carboncarbon bond formation (key step), so that the charge of C(4) atom become more positive, thereby accelerating the reaction.
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