The measurement of self-esteem: Refining our methods.

Demo, David H.

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.48.6.1490

Cited by 289 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Item scores are summed, and higher scores are indicative of higher self-esteem. Validity of the scale is supported by a significant positive correlation with peer ratings of self-esteem (Demo, 1985), and, in a review of the convergent and discriminant validity of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory, Byrne (1983) concluded that this measure was one of the most valid measures of global self-esteem. Wylie (1989) reported a satisfactory 7-month test-retest correlation of r = .73 in high school students and a 2-week test-retest reliability of r = .85 in college students.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Body Dissatisfaction Prospectively Predicts Depressive Mood and Low Self-Esteem in Adolescent Girls and Boys

Paxton¹,

Neumark‐Sztainer²,

Hannan³

et al. 2006

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology

575

398

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Body Dissatisfaction Prospectively Predicts Depressive Mood and Low Self-Esteem in Adolescent Girls and Boys

Paxton¹,

Neumark‐Sztainer²,

Hannan³

et al. 2006

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology

575

398

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Also, respondents might pur posefully distort their answers for social-desirability or im age-management reasons. Distortions are especially likely when an accurate response is seen as either violating social norms such as politeness or prejudice (Demo, 1985;Dovidio & Fazio, 1992), jeopardizing one's self-image (Dovidio & Fazio;Gaertner & Dovidio, 1986;Sirgy, 1982), or going against the stereotypical answer (Haire, 1950). In short, no explicit measure can truly avoid the influence of respondents' control.…”

Section: Explicit and Implicit Measures In Consumer Research Explicitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Implicit Association Test a Valid and Valuable Measure of Implicit Consumer Social Cognition?

2004

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This article discusses the need for more satisfactory implicit measures in consumer psychology and assesses the theoretical foundations, validity, and value of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) as a measure of implicit consumer social cognition. Study 1 demonstrates the IAT's sen sitivity to explicit individual differences in brand attitudes, ownership, and usage frequency, and shows their correlations with IAT-based measures of implicit brand attitudes and brand re lationship strength. In Study 2, the contrast between explicit and implicit measures of attitude toward the ad for sportswear advertisements portraying African American (Black) and Euro pean American (White) athlete-spokespersons revealed different patterns of responses to ex plicit and implicit measures in Black and White respondents. These were explained in terms of self-presentation biases and system justification theory. Overall, the results demonstrate that the IAT enhances our understanding of consumer responses, particularly when consumers are either unable or unwilling to identify the sources of influence on their behaviors or opinions.

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“…Our discussion has focused particular attention on self-esteem and feelings of being in control. There is similarly strong evidence that investigators can confidently measure a person's global self-esteem using Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (Fleming and Courtney, 1984;Reynolds, 1988;Demo, 1985) and a person's feeling of being in control using a subset of questions from Rotter's original Internal-External Locus of Control Scale (Lefcourt, 1991). For a more complete discussion of issues relating to the using the Rosenberg and Rotter scales in economic research, the interested reader should begin with Goldsmith, Veum and Darity (1995c).…”

Section: Quantifying the Connection Between Unemployment And Emotionamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another aspect of convergent validity is that the results of self-reporting by individuals should correspond to observations by peers or trained observers. Demo (1985) compared these different measures.…”

Section: Quantifying the Connection Between Unemployment And Emotionamentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Psychology, Unemployment and Macroeconomics

Darity¹,

Goldsmith

1996

Journal of Economic Perspectives

275

106

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A major concern for labor economists has been to understand how wages, employment and productivity respond to variations in predetermined factors such as tastes for leisure and endowments of human capital. The starting point for their analysis has tended to emphasize choice rather than the circumstances that dictate the range of perceived options. In contrast, social psychologists have tended to have a greater interest in understanding the factors that economists customarily treat as predetermined in affecting aggregate outcomes in labor markets. When they direct their attention to subjects within the sphere of interest of labor economists, they ask about the roles of motivation, personality, cognitive ability and early childhood socialization in the formation of attitudes toward work and task performance. They seek to comprehend the processes leading to action, as well as the consequences of such action.The tension between the two approaches is reflected in Simon's (1986) important distinction between "the substantive view of human rationality" common to neoclassical microeconomics and "the procedural view of human rationality" common to psychology. We are convinced that a synthetic approach that combines elements of substantive human rationality with the real-time, procedural view of human rationality can improve our understanding of such phenomena as aggregate unemployment and aggregate productivity.Consider, for instance, a macroeconomic shock that unexpectedly exposes individuals to unemployment.

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The measurement of self-esteem: Refining our methods.

Cited by 289 publications

References 47 publications

Body Dissatisfaction Prospectively Predicts Depressive Mood and Low Self-Esteem in Adolescent Girls and Boys

Body Dissatisfaction Prospectively Predicts Depressive Mood and Low Self-Esteem in Adolescent Girls and Boys

Is the Implicit Association Test a Valid and Valuable Measure of Implicit Consumer Social Cognition?

Social Psychology, Unemployment and Macroeconomics

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