The measurement of IgA and IgG transglutaminase antibodies in celiac disease: a comparison with current diagnostic methods

High Rate of Positive Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibodies in Chronic Liver Disease

“…However, our findings, along with those of Carroccio (16), appear to be strong enough to suggest that high levels of immunoglobulins and of autoantibodies might be responsible for an interference with the anti-tTG ELISA assay. This could be in agreement with the high false-positive rate observed in autoimmune and disimmune diseases such as diabetes and inflammatory bowel diseases (13)(14)(15).…”

“…On the other hand, this is not the first report to show a low specificity of anti-tTG antibodies. Indeed, a high rate of false-positive results has been reported in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, Down syndrome and diabetes (13)(14)(15). Two previous studies have also shown that anti-tTG antibody observed in some patients with chronic liver disease usually have low to medium titre (13,16).…”

“…These would be advantageous over classical anti-endomysium antibody assays because of the nature of the antigen source, the possible use of automated techniques allowing for faster screening procedures and a more objective evaluation of results. In early comparative studies, a good sensitivity of these tests has been reported (9)(10)(11)(12); however, a lower specificity compared with classical anti-endomysium assays has also been observed owing to false-positive results in patients with chronic liver diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, diabetes, Down's syndrome and various autoimmune disorders (13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

Mortality Excess in Individuals with Elevated IgA Anti-Transglutaminase Antibodies: The KORA/MONICA Augsburg Cohort Study 1989–1998

“…Tissue transglutaminase plays a key role as autoantigen in celiac disease, a disorder of the small intestine with autoimmune characteristics [3]. Despite the high positive predictive value of elevated Immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti-tTG-levels for celiac disease [4][5][6], the autoantibodies were also found in a high proportion of patients suffering from end stage heart failure [7], liver disease [8] and other autoimmune diseases [9,10]. Clinical manifestations of celiac disease range from asymptomatic to severe malabsorbtion, but in any case autoantibodies of tTG-IgA are typically found in these patients.…”

Intestinal Permeability and Antigliadin Antibody Test for Monitoring Adult Patients with Celiac Disease

“…For the intestinal permeability test the following substrates are used: chromium-51-labeled ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ( 51 Cr-labeled EDTA) and inert sugars such as lactulose, cellobiose, l-rhamnose, and mannitol [3,4]. With respect to serologic examinations, antigliadin immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody (AGA) and antiendomysial antibody (EMA) are used [5,6].…”