The measurement of egg shell strength: A comparison of four methods

Hunton, Peter

doi:10.1080/00071666908415770

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The mean value of the brown egg strains for both trials was higher than the white egg strains but not significantly higher. Correlation values between thickness and deformation obtained from all strains were highly significant and were in agreement with the findings of Richards and Staley (1967); Wells (1967a, b); Hunton (1969); Schoorl and Boersma (1962).…”

Section: Correlation Of Different Methods Of Assessingsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The correlation values of shell thickness and breaking strength (Table 5) ranged from .64 to .83 with all values being highly significant and in agreement with the data in the literature (Gaisford, 1965;Frank, 1964;Richards and Staley, 1967;Hunton, 1969).…”

Section: Correlation Of Different Methods Of Assessingsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Similar highly significant correlations between specific gravity and non-destructive deformation have been reported by Hunton (1969). The correlation values for specific gravity and breaking strength ranged from .72 for the Babcock strain to .80 for the Hyline and Warren strains.…”

Section: Correlation Of Different Methods Of Assessingsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Many techniques and devices have been used to measure egg shell quality and their relationship to other factors have been reviewed as well (Tyler, 1961;Hunton, 1969;Hammerle, 1969). The measurements are useful for studying egg shell quality since they are highly correlated with the shell characteristics of thickness, whole egg specific gravity (Wells, 1967b) and egg shell weight (Tung et al, 1968) which are thought to account for a large percentage of the variance of shell quality (Frank et al, 1964).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shell Evaluation of White and Brown Egg Strains by Deformation, Breaking Strength, Shell Thickness and Specific Gravity

Potts

Washburn

1974

Poultry Science

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Phenotypic correlations were calculated between measures of egg shell strength obtained by non-destructive deformation, breaking strength, shell thickness and specific gravity of five commercial white and brown egg strains. Correlations between values obtained by all methods were highly significant for all strains. Correlations between the strength measurements and the egg characteristics of width/length ratio, egg weight and tint of the shell between the strains were also determined. The correlations between the tint of brown shells with all methods of evaluating shell quality were not significant. Although the shell thickness, specific gravity and shell deformation values of the brown egg strains were poorer than that of the white egg strains, the breaking strength of shells from brown egg strains was higher. This indicates that thinner shells are not necessarily weaker and suggests caution against drawing conclusions from only one method of assessing shell strength. Coefficients of variation were larger for shell deformation and breaking strength measurements than for shell thickness and specific gravity. Shape (width/length ratio) and egg weight showed little correlation with any methods of assessing shell strength.

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Section: Correlation Of Different Methods Of Assessingsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Correlation Of Different Methods Of Assessingsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Correlation Of Different Methods Of Assessingsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Shell Evaluation of White and Brown Egg Strains by Deformation, Breaking Strength, Shell Thickness and Specific Gravity

Potts

Washburn

1974

Poultry Science

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“…Researchers have investigated many parameters for the evaluation of eggshell quality including eggshell thickness, shape index, specific gravity, non-destructive beta backscatter, breaking strength, puncture force, static stiffness, and dynamic stiffness (Gaisford, 1965;Tung et al, 1968;Hunton, 1969;Voisey and Hamilton, 1975;Hamilton, 1982;Roberts, 2004;Bain, 2005). These parameters have been incorporated into commercial selection programs aimed at improving eggshell quality and reducing eggshell breakage under field conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Uniformity of Eggshell Thickness on Eggshell Quality in Chickens

et al. 2014

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Numerous parameters have been proposed to evaluate eggshell quality in order to reduce losses from damaged eggshells. The uniformity of eggshell thickness (UET), as a newly proposed parameter, is defined as the reciprocal of the coefficient of variation of the eggshell thickness of multiple points on the eggshell surface. In this study, we further evaluated the relationship between UET and eggshell quality of eggs from Lohmann Brown layers. Three hundred and thirty fresh eggs from 40-week-old hens were collected. Egg weight, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, shape index, and breaking strength were measured, and UET, static stiffness, fracture toughness, and elastic modulus were calculated. The relationship between UET and other eggshell quality parameters was analyzed. Results show that UET is positively correlated with eggshell thickness, breaking strength, static stiffness, and fracture toughness (r＝0.297, 0.430, 0.409, and 0.171, respectively, P＜0.01). In order to analyze the effect of UET on eggshell quality, eggs were divided into three groups according to their eggshell thickness (thin, medium, and thick), and eggs within each thickness group were subdivided into three subgroups based on their UET (low, medium, and high). Relationship between UET and eggshell quality was analyzed. Result showed that eggs with higher UET in the thin group had higher breaking strength, static stiffness, fracture toughness, and elastic modulus than those with lower UET in the medium group, indicating that eggs with thinner but more uniform eggshells were stronger than those with thicker but less uniform eggshells. Our study suggested that UET has a significant influence on breaking strength, static stiffness, fracture toughness, and elastic modulus and should be included in evaluating eggshell quality.

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Toxicity of high dietary levels of DDT in laying hens

Britton

1975

Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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White Leghorn hens were fed diets containing 0, 300, 600, or 1200 ppm technical grade DDT for three 28-day periods. The 1200 ppm diet caused tremors and 33% mortality in the final period, but no gross toxicity symptoms were seen in birds fed the other diets. Egg production was decreased during the third period by 600 or 1200 ppm. Egg weight was decreased during the third period by 600 or 1200 ppm. Egg weight was decreased during the last two periods by 1200 ppm. Shell thickness was decreased in all three periods by feeding 600 or 1200 ppm DDT. Dietary DDT caused no change that could be detected by shell beta backscatter. Shell weight as a percent of total egg weight was decreased by 600 or 1200 ppm DDT.

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The measurement of egg shell strength: A comparison of four methods

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Shell Evaluation of White and Brown Egg Strains by Deformation, Breaking Strength, Shell Thickness and Specific Gravity

Shell Evaluation of White and Brown Egg Strains by Deformation, Breaking Strength, Shell Thickness and Specific Gravity

Effect of Uniformity of Eggshell Thickness on Eggshell Quality in Chickens

Toxicity of high dietary levels of DDT in laying hens

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