The measurement of copper surface areas by reactive frontal chromatography*1

Chinchen, G.C.

doi:10.1016/0021-9517(87)90094-7

Cited by 367 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hence the rate-determining step is very likely to take place on the active copper sites of type (*). The most strongly supported mechanism for CO hydrogenation (Chinchen et al, 1987b) (Edwards and Schrader, 1985), therefore its hydrogenation is slow, and should be taken as rate-determining step (RDS). Reactions of Equations (6) through (8) The initial rate of CO hydrogenation based on the above postulation, was given by Coteron and Hayhurst (1994) as:…”

Section: Co Hydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective kinetic deactivation model for methanol synthesis from simultaneous reaction of CO₂ and CO with H₂ on a commercial copper/zinc oxide catalyst

1998

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A kinetic model for the deactivation of copper/zinc oxide catalyst during the methanol synthesis has been developed. This model is of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson type and considers two types of active sites for the deactivation of catalyst. One of the site types on copper is allocated for the deactivation of the catalyst due to carbon dioxide while another type is assigned for the deactivation of the catalyst due to carbon monoxide. The parameters of the deactivation rate equations based on the above concept have been determined using the experimental data of Hoffmann (1993)

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Section: Co Hydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective kinetic deactivation model for methanol synthesis from simultaneous reaction of CO₂ and CO with H₂ on a commercial copper/zinc oxide catalyst

1998

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“…As the overcoat thickness was decreased from 45 to 15 cycles of ALD (45AlO x /Cu/g-Al 2 O 3 to 15AlO x /Cu/g-Al 2 O 3 ), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area increased , and metallic copper surface sites (as titrated by reaction with N 2 O [12] ) were observed after reduction at 573 K without the need for a calcination step after ALD, indicating that the copper nanoparticles were no longer completely encapsulated by the overcoat (Table 1). Accordingly, it was determined that high-temperature pretreatments are not necessary to open the overcoat and expose the surface of the copper nanoparticles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Thickness and Chemical Properties of Atomic Layer Deposition Overcoats for Stabilizing Cu/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalysts

et al. 2014

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Whereas sintering and leaching of copper nanoparticles during liquid-phase catalytic processing can be prevented by using atomic layer deposition (ALD) to overcoat the nanoparticles with AlOx , this acidic overcoat leads to reversible deactivation of the catalyst by resinification and blocking of the pores within the overcoat during hydrogenation of furfural. We demonstrate that decreasing the overcoat thickness from 45 to 5 ALD cycles is an effective method to increase the rate per gram of catalyst and to decrease the rate of deactivation for catalysts pretreated at 673 K, and a fully regenerable copper catalyst can be produced with only five ALD cycles of AlOx . Moreover, although an overcoat of MgOx does not lead to stabilization of copper nanoparticles against sintering and leaching during liquid-phase hydrogenation reactions, the AlOx overcoat can be chemically modified to decrease acidity and deactivation through the addition of MgOx , while maintaining stability of the copper nanoparticles.

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“…The specific Cu 0 surface area of the catalysts was measured by the dissociative chemisorption of nitrous oxide (N 2 O-RFC [28]). The experiments were performed in quartz micro-reactor at 303 K to avoid subsurface oxidation [29].…”

Section: Specific Cu Surface Area Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural characterization of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts for methanol steam reforming—A comparative study

Kurr

Kasatkin

Girgsdies

et al. 2008

Applied Catalysis A: General

111

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Microstructural characteristics of various real Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalysts for methanol steam reforming (MSR) were investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and electron microscopy (TEM). Structure-activity correlations of binary Cu/ZnO model catalysts were compared to microstructural properties of the ternary catalysts obtained from in situ experiments under MSR conditions. Similar to the binary system, in addition to a high specific copper surface area the catalytic activity of Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalysts is determined by defects in the bulk structure. The presence of lattice strain in the copper particles as the result of an advanced Cu-ZnO interface was detected only for the most active Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst in this study. Complementarily, a highly defect rich nature of both Cu and ZnO has been found in the short-range order structure (XAS). Conventional TPR and TEM investigations confirm a homogeneous microstructure of Cu and ZnO particles with a narrow particle size distribution. Conversely, a heterogeneous microstructure with large copper particles and a pronounced bimodal particle size distribution was identified for the less active catalysts. Apparently, lattice strain in the copper nanoparticles is an indicator for a homogeneous microstructure of superior Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst for methanol chemistry.

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The measurement of copper surface areas by reactive frontal chromatography*1

Cited by 367 publications

References 13 publications

Selective kinetic deactivation model for methanol synthesis from simultaneous reaction of CO₂ and CO with H₂ on a commercial copper/zinc oxide catalyst

Selective kinetic deactivation model for methanol synthesis from simultaneous reaction of CO₂ and CO with H₂ on a commercial copper/zinc oxide catalyst

Control of Thickness and Chemical Properties of Atomic Layer Deposition Overcoats for Stabilizing Cu/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalysts

Microstructural characterization of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts for methanol steam reforming—A comparative study

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The measurement of copper surface areas by reactive frontal chromatography*1

Cited by 367 publications

References 13 publications

Selective kinetic deactivation model for methanol synthesis from simultaneous reaction of CO2 and CO with H2 on a commercial copper/zinc oxide catalyst

Selective kinetic deactivation model for methanol synthesis from simultaneous reaction of CO2 and CO with H2 on a commercial copper/zinc oxide catalyst

Control of Thickness and Chemical Properties of Atomic Layer Deposition Overcoats for Stabilizing Cu/γ‐Al2O3 Catalysts

Microstructural characterization of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts for methanol steam reforming—A comparative study

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Selective kinetic deactivation model for methanol synthesis from simultaneous reaction of CO₂ and CO with H₂ on a commercial copper/zinc oxide catalyst

Selective kinetic deactivation model for methanol synthesis from simultaneous reaction of CO₂ and CO with H₂ on a commercial copper/zinc oxide catalyst

Control of Thickness and Chemical Properties of Atomic Layer Deposition Overcoats for Stabilizing Cu/γ‐Al₂O₃ Catalysts