The Measurement and Characterisation of Voids in Soil Thin Sections by Image Analysis. Part I. Principles and Techniques

Murphy, C. P.; Bullock, Paul; Turner, R. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1977.tb02258.x

Cited by 144 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These samples were first air dried and subsequently dried in an oven at 40 °C until constant mass. Afterwards, samples were impregnated with a polyester resin (Murphy, 1986), styrene monomer (Castro et al, 2003), a catalyzer (Ringrose-Voase, 1991) and a fluorescent pigment (Murphy et al, 1977). To increase the impregnation efficiency and facilitate resin penetration in the soil, a vacuum system was used (Castro et al, 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydro-physical characterization of soils under tropical semi-deciduous forest

Cooper¹,

Rosa

Medeiros

et al. 2012

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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The study of the hydro-physical behavior in soils using toposequences is of great importance for better understanding the soil, water and vegetation relationships. This study aims to assess the hydro-physical and morphological characterization of soil from a toposequence in Galia, state of São Paulo, Brazil). The plot covers an area of 10.24 ha (320 × 320 m), located in a semi-deciduous seasonal forest. Based on ultra-detailed soil and topographic maps of the area, a representative transect from the soil in the plot was chosen. Five profiles were opened for the morphological description of the soil horizons, and hydro-physical and micromorphological analyses were performed to characterize the soil. Arenic Haplustult, Arenic Haplustalf and Aquertic Haplustalf were the soil types observed in the plot. The superficial horizons had lower density and greater hydraulic conductivity, porosity and water retention in lower tensions than the deeper horizons. In the sub-superficial horizons, greater water retention at higher tensions and lower hydraulic conductivity were observed, due to structure type and greater clay content. The differences observed in the water retention curves between the sandy E and the clay B horizons were mainly due to the size distribution, shape and type of soil pores.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydro-physical characterization of soils under tropical semi-deciduous forest

Cooper¹,

Rosa

Medeiros

et al. 2012

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…In each micro-plot, undisturbed samples were collected, which consisted of a block of soil (7 cm × 5 cm × 12 cm), surface-oriented, and placed in special paper boxes. In the laboratory, the samples were air-dried for 15 days and then in a ventilated oven at 40 • C for 48 h. Next, the samples were impregnated with polyester resin [33][34][35]. After full impregnation, hardening and drying, the blocks were cut into vertical surface-oriented slices (approximately 0.5 cm thick).…”

Section: Soil Sampling Impregnation and Porosity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowing that pore distribution and morphology is important to assess soil structure, these attributes were analyzed by image analysis techniques, as proposed by Murphy et al [34] and Ringrose-Voase [8]. Two-dimensional images (digital microphotographs, 1 cm × 1 cm), with 1024 × 768 pixels resolution and 10× magnification, were obtained with a CCD Sony ® camera attached to a Zeiss ® stereomicroscope.…”

Section: Soil Sampling Impregnation and Porosity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Crust Formation on Soil Porosity under Tillage Systems and Simulated Rainfall

et al. 2017

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Surface crusts, formed by raindrop impact, degrade the soil surface structure causing changes in porosity. An experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the influence of the formation of a crusting layer on the porosity (percentage of area, shape and size) of a Haplic Acrisol under three tillage systems, and simulated rainfall. The tillage systems were: conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT) and no-tillage (NT). Each tillage system was submitted to different levels of simulated rainfall (0, 27, 54 and 80 mm) at an intensity of 80 mm·h −1 . Undisturbed soil samples were collected and resin impregnated for image analysis in two layers: layer 1 (0-1 cm) and layer 2 (1-2 cm). Image analysis was used to obtain the pore area percentage, pore shape and size. The degradation of the soil surface and change in porosity, caused by rainfall, occurred differently in the tillage systems. In the CT and RT systems, the most pronounced pore changes caused by rainfall occurred in layer 1, but in the NT system, this change occurred in layer 2. The rainfall caused change of pore area percentage in the CT and RT systems, with reduction of complex and an increase of rounded pores. The NT system showed greater occurrence of the rounded pores (vesicles), originated by processes of wetting below the residue cover, and by alternating periods of wetting and drying. In this study, the changes in porosity were attributed to two main factors: (1) to the effect of the raindrop directly on the soil surface (for CT and RT tillage systems) and (2) water transfer processes in the soil surface (for NT systems).

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“…A impregnação foi realizada de acordo com método proposto por Murphy et al (1977), Murphy (1986) e Castro et al (2003. Depois de os blocos estarem totalmente impregnados e endurecidos, foram cortadas fatias, de aproximadamente 0,5 cm de espessura, verticais e orientadas à superfície, das quais foi confeccionada uma lâmina delgada de seção fina (4,5 x 8 cm) para microscópio óptico.…”

Section: Coleta E Impregnação Das Amostras E Descrição Das Lâminas Deunclassified

Processo de formação de crostas superficiais em razão de sistemas de preparo do solo e chuva simulada

Rosa

Cooper

Darboux³

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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A chuva provoca a modificação da estrutura superficial do solo levando ao desenvolvimento de crostas. Este estudo avaliou a dinâmica da formação de crostas superficiais por meio da análise e descrição micromorfológica de lâminas delgadas. O experimento foi conduzido em 2009 e 2010. Em parcelas de 15 x 30 m, foram implantados os diferentes sistemas de preparos do solo: preparo convencional (PC), preparo reduzido (PR) e sem preparo (SP). Dentro das parcelas instalaramse as microparcelas de 1 x 1m e aplicaram-se diferentes lâminas de chuva simulada (0, 27, 54 e 80 mm) com intensidade de 80 mm h -1 . Nas microparcelas, coletou-se uma amostra indeformada em que consistia em um bloco de solo de 0,07 x 0,05 x 0,12 m. Os blocos foram impregnados com resina e após endurecimento e secagem total foram confeccionadas lâminas delgadas (4,5 x 8 cm), descritas, utilizando microscópio óptico. Foi confeccionada uma lâmina delgada para cada chuva (0, 27, 54 e 80 mm) e para cada preparo do solo. Todos os sistemas de preparo avaliados demonstraram presença de crostas; entretanto, o processo de formação das crostas ocorreu com dinâmica diferenciada em cada sistema de preparo. O preparo convencional apresentou formação de crostas a partir de 27 mm de chuva aplicada. O aumento da lâmina de chuva aplicada causou maior degradação da estrutura superficial e maior espessura da camada encrostada. O preparo reduzido e o sistema sem preparo apresentaram condições de superfície irregulares com as chuvas aplicadas, ou seja, não demonstraram modificações constantes da superfície do solo e na formação das crostas, com o aumento da chuva, como constatado no

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The Measurement and Characterisation of Voids in Soil Thin Sections by Image Analysis. Part I. Principles and Techniques

Cited by 144 publications

References 9 publications

Hydro-physical characterization of soils under tropical semi-deciduous forest

Hydro-physical characterization of soils under tropical semi-deciduous forest

Influence of Crust Formation on Soil Porosity under Tillage Systems and Simulated Rainfall

Processo de formação de crostas superficiais em razão de sistemas de preparo do solo e chuva simulada

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