The meaning of the Leydig cell in relation to the etiology of cryptorchidism: An experimental electron-microscopic study

Hadžiselimović, Faruk; Herzog, B.

doi:10.1016/0022-3468(76)90162-7

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Prefascial ectopia with abnormal gubernaculum attachments, Scarpa’s fascia occluding the entrance of the scrotum, and especially the findings of abnormal fusion of the testis with the epididymis prove the postulation, that the descent of the testis depends on the interaction between the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, the gubernaculum and the epididymis [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 12, 13]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cryptorchidism occurs in approximately 0.8% of 1-year-old males and thus presents the most common disorder of male sexual differentiation. It has been postulated by the early publications of Hadziselimovic et al that the descent of the testis depends on the interaction between the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular hormonal axis the gubernaculum and the epididymis [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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13 Years’ Experience with the Combined Hormonal Therapy of Cryptorchidism

Giannopoulos¹,

Vlachakis²,

Charissis³

2001

Horm Res Paediatr

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Purpose: We analyze the results of the combined treatment with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) of a large series of patients with cryptorchidism. Materials and Methods: Between 1987 and 1999 and after strict differentiation between cryptorchid, retractile and gliding testes, 2,467 boys with 2,962 cryptorchid-gliding testes were treated with the combined hormonal therapy. LH-RH was administrated as a nasal spray at a dosage of 1.2 µg daily for a period of 4 weeks. HCG was injected intramuscularly, 5 times at 2-day intervals at a dosage adjusted according to the age. Results: In the prospective study 2,476 boys with 2,962 cryptorchid testes were hormonally treated. Of the 2,962 evaluated cases 1,200 (40.52%) have been treated surgically after the hormone therapy. In 1,762 cases, 59.48% of cryptorchid testes were in the scrotum after combined hormone treatment. Conclusions: Treatment with LH-RH and HCG induced the descent of the testes to a normal scrotal position of boys with cryptorchidism in 59.48% of the evaluated cases. The combined treatment was effective for inducing descent of cryptorchid and gliding testes. According to the evaluated intraoperative findings, the failure of the combined therapy in 40.52% of the cases is due to the fact that the free descent is limited by local factors such as anatomical alterations of the inguinal canal, epididymal abnormalities or ectopic distal attachment of the lig. testis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

13 Years’ Experience with the Combined Hormonal Therapy of Cryptorchidism

Giannopoulos¹,

Vlachakis²,

Charissis³

2001

Horm Res Paediatr

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“…I1 est int4ressant de noter que cette migration testiculaire est concomittante de l'activation de l'axe gonadotrope qui survient au cours des premiers mois de vie [11]. D'un point de vue histologique, l'activit6 des cellules de Leydig est particuli6rement intense A cette p6riode [18].…”

Section: Aspects Endocriniensunclassified

“…En cas d'6chec, l'orchidopexie est de r6gle. Elle doit ~tre envisag4e d~s l'~ge de 2 ans, au moment off apparaissent la r6duction du nombre de spermatogonies, la diminution du volume testiculaire et la fibrose interstitielle [18]. L'indication op6ratoire ne saurait ~tre port6e en premi6re intention [28].…”

Section: Aspects Endocriniensunclassified

La cryptorchidie et l’endocrinologue: conceptions récentes

Sultan

1997

Androl.

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RESUMELa c r y p t o r c h i d i e de r e n f a n t , qualifi~e d e c o m m u n e p a r sa f r 4 q u e n c e ( q u i oscille e n t r e 0.8 et 1.6%), reste, en 1997, u n e e n d o c r i n o p a t h i e mystdrieuse. Elle r e l i v e v r a i s e m b l a b l e m e n t d ' u n ddficit n~onatal de la s~cr~tion de testosterone s e c o n d a i r e h u n e insuffisance gonad o t r o p e pr~coce et p e r s i s t a n t e jusqu'h la mi-pubert~.S o n t r a i t e m e n t p a r les g o n a d o t r op h i n e s c h o r i o n i q u e s e n t r a i n e u n e m i g r a t i o n c o m p l e t e d u t e s t i c u l e d a n s 1/3 d e s c a s e n v i r o n , u n e m i g r a t i o n p a r t i e l l e ou a s y m~t r i q u e d a n s 1/3 des cas ; il est inefficace d a n s 1/3 des cas. En cas d'~chec, r o r c h i d o p e x i e pr~coce e s t d e r~g l e . Le t r a i t e m e n t p a r le L H R H e s t , q u a n t h l u i , t o m b~ e n d~su~tude.Le p r o n o s t i c de la c r y p t o r c h i d i e est d o m i n~ p a r les r i s q u e s de stdrilitd et de c a n c e r d u t e s t i c u l e . M a l h e u r e u s ement, l'analyse des donn~es de la litt~-r a t u r e est p a r t i c u l i~r e m e n t contradictoire du fait de l'absence de d~finition des groupes de p a t i e n t s ~tudi~s. Ndanmoins, l'atteinte de la spermatog~n~se s e m b l e plus i n t e n s e p o u r les c r y p t o rc h i d i e s qui o n t rdsist~ a u t r a i t e m e n t h o r m o n a l et p o u r les c r y p t o r c h i d i e s bilat~rales. Q u a n t au r i s q u e de d~g~nd-r e s c e n c e , s a n s e x c l u r e u n e a n o m a l i e i n t r i n s~q u e de la cellule g e r m i n a l e , il p a r a i t ~tre plus i m p o r t a n t apr~s orchidopexie, apr~s u n t r a i t e m e n t pr~coce, et apr~s biopsie testiculaire.A la lumi~re des t r a v a u x tr~s r~cents, p l u s i e u r s q u e s t i o n s e s s e n t i e l l e s se posent :9 Faut-il r~aliser u n e o r c h i d o p e x i e syst~m a t i q u e chez les e n f a n t s r~sistants au t r a i t e m e n t h o r m o n a l ? 9 F a u t -i l p r i v i l d g i e r la f e r t i l i t~ a u d~t r i m e n t d ' u n r i s q u e de c a n c e r d u t e s t i c u l e en m a i n t e n a n t l ' i n d i c a t i o n d'une o r c h i d o p e x i e pr~coce ? 9 F a u t -i l a r r~t e r d~f i n i t i v e m e n t de biopsier les testicules c r y p t o r c h i d e s ?P o u r t e n t e r de r~p o n d r e h ces quest

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“…Androgens produced by the fetal Leydig cells are thought to be directly responsible for a normal descent. Moreover, an intact hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis has been suggested as a necessary prerequisite for a normal descent [8]. In contrast with these opinions, it has been suggested that LH is probably insignificant in relation to testicular descent in the pig [2] and that development of the gubernaculum is probably androgen-independent [3,4,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonadotrophic Hormones and Testicular Descent

Colenbrander

Straaten

Wensing

1978

Archives of Andrology

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The effect of fetal decapitation on gubernacular development and testicular descent was studied in the pig. Gubernacular development was unaffected and testicular descent occurred normally in decapitated fetuses. Neither testicular descent nor gubernacular development could be induced by HCG or LH-RH, administered to naturally unilateral cryptorchid prepuberal pigs in doses comparable to those used in human therapy. Gubernacular development and, subsequently, testicular descent seem to be independent of gonadotrophic stimulation.

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The meaning of the Leydig cell in relation to the etiology of cryptorchidism: An experimental electron-microscopic study

Cited by 43 publications

References 4 publications

13 Years’ Experience with the Combined Hormonal Therapy of Cryptorchidism

13 Years’ Experience with the Combined Hormonal Therapy of Cryptorchidism

La cryptorchidie et l’endocrinologue: conceptions récentes

Gonadotrophic Hormones and Testicular Descent

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