“…21 The patient was loaded with physical and emotional discomforts The second article discusses the significance of treating patients as individuals and incorporating patients' values and preferences into clinical practice through his reflection on the meaning of the "First, do no harm" aphorism as he followed up a critically injured patient who was unable to decide for himself. 22 In both cases, paternalistic physicians made health decisions for the patients without adequate communication with the patients or their families and friends.…”