The McCollough effect across the menstrual cycle

Maguire, Moira; Byth, William

doi:10.3758/bf03206031

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3 Experiment 2: Post-adaptation scopolamine and physostigmine In experiment 1 we followed our earlier procedure in that we administered treatments before adapting observers to the ME stimuli and tested while the drug was active. We originally adopted this procedure to investigate the effects on the ME of pre-existing states associated with therapeutic drugs (Byth et al 1992), personality differences (Logue and Byth 1993), and changing hormonal levels in women (Maguire and Byth 1998;Byth et al 1999). In this procedure the treatment could potentially affect any or all of adaptation, storage, elicitation, and rate of decay of the ME.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic Agents and the Mccollough Effect

2000

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The strength of the McCollough effect (ME), a pattern-contingent colour aftereffect, has been shown to be inversely related to acetylcholine, being significantly strengthened by (anticholinergic) scopolamine and weakened by (cholinergic) physostigmine delivered before adapting to the ME stimuli. The purpose of the present study was (i) to establish whether the effect of pre-adaptation scopolamine is linearly dose-dependent and (ii) to investigate the effects of scopolamine and physostigmine delivered between adaptation and testing. In experiment 1, ten healthy male volunteers who received placebo, or 0.6 mg, 1.2 mg, or 1.8 mg scopolamine before adapting to ME stimuli showed a significant linear dose-dependence over tests repeated from 10 to 70 min after adaptation. In experiment 2 twelve male volunteers adapted to ME stimuli and then received placebo, 1.2 mg oral scopolamine, or 0.75 mg subcutaneous physostigmine. On subsequent repeated testing, strength of the ME was increased by scopolamine and decreased by physostigmine relative to placebo. Both experiments were double-blind double-dummy repeated measures. These data support the view that the ME is a product of inhibitory mechanisms in the visual system rather than processes involved in associative learning.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic Agents and the Mccollough Effect

2000

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Until recently, this has been an understudied topic within discussions from both the psychophysical and evolutionary psychology literatures. Psychophysical studies have previously shown that aspects of vision may be influenced by hormonal changes in women [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], but because these studies were not concerned with the evolutionary relevance of such changes, such as fertility effects, full cycles and participant groups were not always part of their experimental designs. Equally, evolutionary studies that do include such specific experimental designs focus on higher-level aspects of perception, such that input from low-level vision is not the focus of investigation [14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No menstrual cycle effect was found for women using hormonal contraceptives [ 22 ]. Maguire & Byth [ 23 ] measured the McCullough effect, an orientation-contingent colour aftereffect, and found a greater effect pre-menstrually, again only for naturally cycling women. This was taken as evidence that the size of the effect is inversely related to cholinergic activity [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maguire & Byth [23] measured the McCullough effect, an orientation-contingent colour aftereffect, and found a greater effect pre-menstrually, again only for naturally cycling women. This was taken as evidence that the size of the effect is inversely related to cholinergic activity [23]. Parlee [24] reviewed a range of studies of visual sensitivity across the menstrual cycle [24] (DeMarchi & Tong [25], Diamond et al [26], Ward et al [27], Barris et al [28], Scher et al [29]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Natural variation in female reproductive hormones does not affect contrast sensitivity

Webb¹,

Hibbard²,

O’Gorman³

2018

R. Soc. open sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence suggests that females experience adaptive shifts in facial preferences across the menstrual cycle. However, recent discussions and meta-analyses suggest that these findings are equivocal. A previously unexplored question is the extent to which shifts in female preferences are modulated by hormone-dependent changes occurring in low-level vision, such as visual sensitivity. This mechanistic approach has been a novel method for investigating the extent to which complex perceptual phenomena are driven by low-level versus higher-level perceptual processes. We investigated whether the contrast sensitivity function—an early dimension of vision—is also influenced by variation in female reproductive hormones. Visual contrast thresholds were measured for 1, 4 and 16 cycles/degree gratings during the ovulatory, luteal and menstrual phases of the menstrual cycle in naturally cycling women, and women using oral contraceptives. Male participants were tested at similar time intervals. Results showed that visual contrast sensitivity does not differ according to sex, or use of oral contraception, nor does it vary relative to hormonal shifts across the menstrual cycle. These findings suggest that shifts in female preferences are not driven by changes in visual sensitivity, and are therefore likely attributable to changes in higher-level perception or cognition.

show abstract

“…29 This study has found comparable with normal ME in patients with amnesia, which was consistent with evidence implicating early visual areas in development of ME rather than mnemonic processes. Some studies however indicate a more complex character of the ME by showing the relationship between ME and central cholinergic activity, 56 hormonal state, 57 or extraversion. 58 Our results show that the ME measure was not associated with the ability to recognize facial emotions, which may indicate that the ME task did not tap on the same magnocellular pathway that is implicated in FA discrimination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The McCollough Effect and Facial Emotion Discrimination in Patients With Schizophrenia and Their Unaffected Relatives

Surguladze

Chkonia

Kezeli³

et al. 2010

Schizophrenia Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abnormalities in visual processing have been found consistently in schizophrenia patients, including deficits in early visual processing, perceptual organization, and facial emotion recognition. There is however no consensus as to whether these abnormalities represent heritable illness traits and what their contribution is to psychopathology. Fifty patients with schizophrenia, 61 of their first-degree healthy relatives, and 50 psychiatrically healthy volunteers were tested with regard to facial affect (FA) discrimination and susceptibility to develop the color-contingent illusion [the McCollough Effect (ME)]. Both patients and relatives demonstrated significantly lower accuracy in FA discrimination compared with controls. There was also a significant effect of familiality: Participants from the same families had more similar accuracy scores than those who belonged to different families. Experiments with the ME showed that schizophrenia patients required longer time to develop the illusion than relatives and controls, which indicated poor visual adaptation in schizophrenia. Relatives were marginally slower than controls. There was no significant association between the measures of FA discrimination accuracy and ME in any of the participant groups. Facial emotion discrimination was associated with the degree of interpersonal problems, as measured by the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire in relatives and healthy volunteers, whereas the ME was associated with the perceptual-cognitive symptoms of schizotypy and positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Our results support the heritability of FA discrimination deficits as a trait and indicate visual adaptation abnormalities in schizophrenia, which are symptom related.

show abstract

The McCollough effect across the menstrual cycle

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Cholinergic Agents and the Mccollough Effect

Cholinergic Agents and the Mccollough Effect

Natural variation in female reproductive hormones does not affect contrast sensitivity

The McCollough Effect and Facial Emotion Discrimination in Patients With Schizophrenia and Their Unaffected Relatives

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About