The McCollough effect: A classical conditioning phenomenon?

McCarter, Andrea; Silver, Avrum I.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(77)90100-6

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Though frequently dismissed as misguided or demonstrably wrong (e.g. Dodwell and Humphrey, 1990;Humphrey, in press;McCarter and Silver, 1977;Savoy, 1984;Skowbo, 1984Skowbo, , 1986Stromeyer, 1978) the classical conditioning account of contingent adaptation (e.g. Murch, 1972) retains staunch advocates (e.g.…”

Section: Classical Conditioning Accounts Of Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual learning in the perception of texture: simple and contingent aftereffects of texture density

Durgin¹,

Proffítt²

1996

Spatial Vis

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Novel results elucidating the magnitude, binocularity and retinotopicity of aftereffects of visual texture density adaptation are reported as is a new contingent aftereffect of texture density which suggests that the perception of visual texture density is quite malleable. Texture aftereffects contingent upon orientation, color and temporal sequence are discussed. A fourth effect is demonstrated in which auditory contingencies are shown to produce a different kind of visual distortion. The merits and limitations of error-correction and classical conditioning theories of contingent adaptation are reviewed. It is argued that a third kind of theory which emphasizes coding efficiency and informational considerations merits close attention. It is proposed that malleability in the registration of texture information can be understood as part of the functional adaptability of perception. 10/48

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Section: Classical Conditioning Accounts Of Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual learning in the perception of texture: simple and contingent aftereffects of texture density

Durgin¹,

Proffítt²

1996

Spatial Vis

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“…Mmch's (1976) suggestion of classical conditioning has been extensively debated (McCarter and Silver 1977;Murch 1977;Harris 1980;Skowbo 1984Skowbo , 1986Allan and Siegel 1986) without any general agreement that classical conditioning provides an adequate explanation of all features of the ME.…”

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confidence: 97%

The McCollough effect as a measure of central cholinergic activity in man

Byth

Logue

Bell³

et al. 1992

Psychopharmacology

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The McCollough Effect (ME) is an orientation contingent colour after-effect which has been proposed as an indicator of central neurotransmitter activity. Shute (1979) suggested that the ME could reflect a hippocampal "forgetting" mechanism which should be inhibited by GABAergic neurones and stimulated by cholinergic neurones. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate that the ME is in fact sensitive to cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs and to compare its sensitivity to more conventional tests of psychomotor and cognitive function. Ten healthy subjects received single doses of physostigmine (0.75 mg SC), hyoscine (1.2 mg), temazepam (20 mg), flecainide (200 mg) or placebo in a double-blind double-dummy presentation. Subjects were tested on a battery of psychomotor and cognitive function tests at baseline and 1 h, and adapted to the ME at 1.5 h. Visual analogue rating scales and conventional tests of psychomotor function and saccadic eye movements indicated that both subjective and objective measures of arousal were impaired by temazepam. The subjective, but not the objective, measures of arousal were also impaired by both hyoscine and physostigmine, but not by flecainide. Initial strength and duration of the ME were decreased by physostigmine and increased by hyoscine and temazepam, relative to placebo (P less than 0.01). Thus, the ME is capable of detecting cholinergic, anticholinergic and GABA mimetic drug effects in man, in therapeutic doses.

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“…Murch (1976) examined the possibility that the McCollough effect was a form of classical conditioning. McCarter and Silver (1977) argued against such a view because of clear differences between the McCollough effect and traditional examples of classical conditioning. Murch (1977) recognized these differences, but argued that the similarities were more important.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Extinction” of the McCollough effect does not transfer interocularly

Savoy¹

1984

Perception & Psychophysics

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A McCollough effect was induced in subjects by having them view typical adapting stimuli binocularly for 5 min. In the control condition, the strength of the McCollough effect was measured 20 min after the end of the adaptation. The strength was measured during monocular and binocular viewing of a test pattern via a color cancellation technique. Monocular strengths for the two eyes of a given subject were equal to each other and slightly weaker than the binocular strength. In the test condition, 15 min of the 20 min between adaptation and testing were spent monocularly viewing black and white gratings of the same orientation and spatial frequency as the adapting gratings. The strength of the effect as measured ipsilaterally was markedly decreased from that in the control condition. The strength of the effect as measured with the contralateral eye showed only a small decrease from that of the control condition. This finding is relevant to various models of the McCollough effect and related color aftereffects, especially those that posit a "learning" type of mechanism between achromatic spatial channels (which exhibit clear interocular transfer of various achromatic effects) and monocular color channels.When McCollough (1965) first reported the orientationcontingent color aftereffect that bears her name, she noted that the effect was monocular, in the sense that viewing the adapting pattern with only one eye results in a strong effect in the adapted eye but no effect in the other eye.

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The McCollough effect: A classical conditioning phenomenon?

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Visual learning in the perception of texture: simple and contingent aftereffects of texture density

Visual learning in the perception of texture: simple and contingent aftereffects of texture density

The McCollough effect as a measure of central cholinergic activity in man

“Extinction” of the McCollough effect does not transfer interocularly

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