2017
DOI: 10.1051/swsc/2017034
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The Maunder minimum and the Little Ice Age: an update from recent reconstructions and climate simulations

Abstract: -The Maunder minimum (MM) was a period of extremely low solar activity from approximately AD 1650 to 1715. In the solar physics literature, the MM is sometimes associated with a period of cooler global temperatures, referred to as the Little Ice Age (LIA), and thus taken as compelling evidence of a large, direct solar influence on climate. In this study, we bring together existing simulation and observational studies, particularly the most recent solar activity and paleoclimate reconstructions, to examine this… Show more

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Cited by 73 publications
(50 citation statements)
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“…Table 3 in Usoskin 2017). The currently hotly debated problem of the strength of the Modern Maximum has important implications, e.g., for the understanding of the role of solar forcing in global warming (Lean and Rind 2008;Chylek et al 2014;Nagy et al 2017b;Owens et al 2017). In this context it is important to stress that a secular increase in solar activity from the late nineteenth century (beginning of terrestrial global temperature record) to the mid-twentieth century is unquestionably present in all solar activity reconstructions.…”
Section: Secular Activity Variationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Table 3 in Usoskin 2017). The currently hotly debated problem of the strength of the Modern Maximum has important implications, e.g., for the understanding of the role of solar forcing in global warming (Lean and Rind 2008;Chylek et al 2014;Nagy et al 2017b;Owens et al 2017). In this context it is important to stress that a secular increase in solar activity from the late nineteenth century (beginning of terrestrial global temperature record) to the mid-twentieth century is unquestionably present in all solar activity reconstructions.…”
Section: Secular Activity Variationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The LIA ended around 1850 (Masson-Delmotte et al, 2013) just prior to the onset of industrial era warming (Abram et al, 2016) and start of systematic instrumental observations of temperature and precipitation (Harris et al, 2014;Morice et al, 2012). The LIA is only approximately defined, and not all of this period was particularly cold (Owens et al, 2017). Our knowledge of LIA climate at interannual timescales is based largely on proxy records (E. R. Cook et al, 2015;Mann et al, 2009;Neukom et al, 2014;PAGES 2k Consortium, 2013;Wilson et al, 2016).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In our case, there is no overlapping period between documentary and instrumental data, so a different methodology must be applied. Rodrigo (2008) proposed an alternative methodology to indices, trying to overcome the problem of the lack of an overlapping period. This method was tested using climate model paleo simulations .…”
Section: The Period 1706-1730mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sometimes, the author summarizes the general behavior of a concrete month, for instance when he indicates that during April 1729 "westerly winds continued, with clouds and water, well-marked by the barometer". This month it rained on days 1, 2, 8, 11, 13, 14, and 23; that is to say, there were 7 rainy days, coinciding with the average value of days with rain higher than 1 mm during the reference period 1971-2000(INM, 2004; data on rainy days are not available in the database by Luna et al (2012). Therefore, we used the AEMET climate summary of the reference period .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%