The Mating System of <i>Verbascum thapsus</i> (Scrophulariaceae): The Effect of Plant Height

Carromero, William; Hamrick, J. L.

doi:10.1086/449315

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study, the proportion of flowers initiating fruit development ( w ′ 2 ) increased with stalk height, suggesting that short plants are more pollen‐limited than tall plants. This pollination advantage of being tall has been shown for other plant species such as Verbascum thapsus (Lortie and Aarssen 1999; Carromero and Hamrick 2005), Ranunculus acris (Totland 2001), Antirrhinum majus (Jones et al 1998), Chiloglottis trilaba (Peakall and Handel 1993), Erysimum strictum (Rautio et al 2005), and I. aggregata (Irwin 2006). However, it seems that E. mediohispanicum seed predators used the same cues as pollinators to select individual plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Sequential Conflicting Selection Due to Multispecific Interactions Triggers Evolutionary Trade-Offs in a Monocarpic Herb

Gómez

2008

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Sequential Conflicting Selection Due to Multispecific Interactions Triggers Evolutionary Trade-Offs in a Monocarpic Herb

Gómez

2008

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The few such studies available for delayed-selfing species revealed substantial variation in outcrossing rate (e.g., Kalisz et al, 2004), sometimes in association with known factors (Table 2). For example, in Verbascum thapsus (Scrophulariaceae), tall plants had higher outcrossing rates than shorter ones that received fewer pollinator visits (Carromero and Hamrick, 2005).…”

Section: Capacity For and Benefits Of Selfingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The best of both worlds? A review of delayed selfing in flowering plants

Goodwillie

Weber

2018

American J of Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a series of seminal papers, David G. Lloyd (1979;Lloyd and Schoen, 1992) provided new insight into plant mating-system evolution by recognizing that the selective consequences of selfand cross-pollination and fertilization depend on the specifics of how and when they occur. In phenotypic models, Lloyd showed that the conditions that select for self-fertilization (selfing) facilitated by pollinators differ from those for selfing that occurs autonomously. Further, the selective consequences of autonomous selfing were shown to depend on its timing in anthesis in relation to cross-fertilization (outcrossing). The theory predicts that selfing that occurs after opportunities for outcrossing have passed (delayed selfing) should be selected under the broadest range of conditions.In general, selection of selfing is expected to be opposed by inbreeding depression, the reduced fitness of selfed progeny that results primarily from the expression of deleterious recessive alleles Charlesworth, 1987, Charlesworth andWillis, 2009). Counteracting the cost of inbreeding depression is the 50% genetic transmission advantage of selfing, which occurs because INVITED SPECIAL ARTICLE The best of both worlds? A review of delayed selfing in flowering plantsCarol Goodwillie 1,3 and Jennifer J. Weber PREMISE OF STUDY:In a seminal body of theory, Lloyd showed that the fitness consequences of selfing will depend on its timing in anthesis. Selfing that occurs after opportunities for outcrossing or pollen dispersal can provide reproductive assurance when pollinators are limited and is expected to incur little cost, even when inbreeding depression is high. As a result, delayed selfing is often interpreted as a "best-of-both-worlds" mating system that combines the advantages of selfing and outcrossing. METHODS:We surveyed 65 empirical studies of delayed selfing, recording floral mechanisms and examining information on inbreeding depression, autofertility, and other parameters to test the support for delayed selfing as a best-of-both-worlds strategy.KEY RESULTS: Phylogenetic distribution of the diverse floral mechanisms suggests that some basic floral structures may predispose plant taxa to evolve delayed selfing. Delayed selfing appears to serve as a best-of-both-worlds strategy in some but not all species. While the capacity for autonomous selfing is often high, it is lower, in some cases, than in related species with earlier modes of selfing. In other delayed-selfers, low inbreeding depression and reduced investment in corollas and pollen suggest limited benefits from outcrossing.CONCLUSIONS: Despite a growing literature on the subject, experimental evidence for delayed selfing is limited and major gaps in knowledge remain, particularly with respect to the stability of delayed selfing and the conditions that may favor transitions between delayed and earlier selfing. Finally, we suggest a potential role of delayed selfing in facilitating transitions from self-incompatibility to selfing.

show abstract

“…V. thapsus is a rosette-forming, semelparous ('biennial') species, known for carpeting disturbed or naturally open sites in montane areas (Pitcairn 2000). It reproduces via generalist insect pollination and can self-fertilize (Carromero & Hamrick 2005). This species was introduced to California from Europe at some time in the 1800s and is perceived as an invasive threat to some native plant communities (Pitcairn 2000).…”

Section: Case Study No 2: Multiple Introductions and A 'Geographicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Founding events in species invasions: genetic variation, adaptive evolution, and the role of multiple introductions

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Invasive species are predicted to suffer from reductions in genetic diversity during founding events, reducing adaptive potential. Integrating evidence from two literature reviews and two case studies, we address the following questions: How much genetic diversity is lost in invasions? Do multiple introductions ameliorate this loss? Is there evidence for loss of diversity in quantitative traits? Do invaders that have experienced strong bottlenecks show adaptive evolution? How do multiple introductions influence adaptation on a landscape scale? We reviewed studies of 80 species of animals, plants, and fungi that quantified nuclear molecular diversity within introduced and source populations. Overall, there were significant losses of both allelic richness and heterozygosity in introduced populations, and large gains in diversity were rare. Evidence for multiple introductions was associated with increased diversity, and allelic variation appeared to increase over long timescales (~100 years), suggesting a role for gene flow in augmenting diversity over the long-term. We then reviewed the literature on quantitative trait diversity and found that broad-sense variation rarely declines in introductions, but direct comparisons of additive variance were lacking. Our studies of Hypericum canariense invasions illustrate how populations with diminished diversity may still evolve rapidly. Given the prevalence of genetic bottlenecks in successful invading populations and the potential for adaptive evolution in quantitative traits, we suggest that the disadvantages associated with founding events may have been overstated. However, our work on the successful invader Verbascum thapsus illustrates how multiple introductions may take time to commingle, instead persisting as a 'mosaic of maladaptation' where traits are not distributed in a pattern consistent with adaptation. We conclude that management limiting gene flow among introduced populations may reduce adaptive potential but is unlikely to prevent expansion or the evolution of novel invasive behaviour.

show abstract

The Mating System of Verbascum thapsus (Scrophulariaceae): The Effect of Plant Height

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Sequential Conflicting Selection Due to Multispecific Interactions Triggers Evolutionary Trade-Offs in a Monocarpic Herb

Sequential Conflicting Selection Due to Multispecific Interactions Triggers Evolutionary Trade-Offs in a Monocarpic Herb

The best of both worlds? A review of delayed selfing in flowering plants

Founding events in species invasions: genetic variation, adaptive evolution, and the role of multiple introductions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About