The mass and energy balance of an integrated solution for municipal solid waste treatment

Torretta, Vincenzo; Ionescu, Gabriela; Raboni, Massimo; Merler, G.

doi:10.2495/wm140131

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, the use of landfills is predominant, especially in the countries of southern Europe. In Greece and Romania, the amount of waste disposed of in landfills exceeds 80%, and in Spain and Italy, their role remains significant [1][2][3][4][5]. In the countries of northern Europe, instead, incineration prevails, except in Finland and England [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Collection Quality Index for Municipal Solid Waste Management

et al. 2018

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Trentino (an Italian Province located in the northern part of the country) is equipped with a management system of municipal solid waste collection at the forefront. Among the most positive aspects, there is a great ability for waste separation at the source and a consequent low production of residual municipal solid waste for disposal. Latest data show a gross efficiency of selective collection that has recently reached 80%, one of the highest values in Italy. This study analyzed the "Trentino system" to identify the main elements that have been at the base of the current efficient model. This provided an opportunity to propose a selective collection quality index (SCQI), including collection efficiency for each fraction, method of collection, quality of the collected materials, presence of the punctual tariff and tourist incidence. A period relevant for the transition of the collection system to the recent one was chosen for the demonstrative adoption of the proposed indicators in order to determine the potential of the index adoption. Results of the analysis of this case study were obtained in a quantitative form thanks to the sub-parameters that characterize the proposed index. This allowed selected collection decision makers to focus intently on a territory to find criticalities to be solved. For instance, the use of the index and its sub-indicators in the case of Trentino identified and comparatively quantified the local problems resulting from the presence of a large museum in a small town, tourism peaks in some valleys, and a delay in the punctual tariff adoption. The index has been proposed with the aim to make available an integrated tool to analyze other areas in Italy and abroad.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Collection Quality Index for Municipal Solid Waste Management

et al. 2018

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“…With regard to persistent contaminants with high toxicological characteristics (TCDD eq and heavy metals) it should be considered that the concentrations found in the PM are particularly low (of a smaller order of magnitude than found in flying ash of municipal waste incinerators [22][23][24]). The carbon monoxide is a still lesser danger.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire simulation in a full-scale Bilevel rail car: Experimental analysis to assess passenger safety

Trulli¹,

Rada²,

Conti³

et al. 2018

Int. J. SAFE

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The increasingly occurrence of fires risk within public transport facilities prompted many countries to improve public vehicle security implementing specific researches. The provision of a useful reference point for the compatibility of passengers and goods rail transport, with final attention to the preservation of the environment and the human health, represent the general target of such investigations. As a result, this manuscript presents the outcomes of a full-scale experimentation of fire in a bilevel rail car for passengers' transport, useful to evaluate human exposure to toxic loads during a fire. The research consisted in the temperature measurement in various positions and its comparison with a simulation model based on the theoretical approach. Furthermore, visibility and air quality (O 2 , CO 2 , CO, TOC, particulate matter) were analyzed inside the rail car. The comparison between numerical methods and data obtained allow understanding that the numerical model is an effective simulation tool of fire dynamics, especially within the lower deck, although it underestimates the trend of air temperature in the upper deck. Overall, the fire causes a rapid and considerable reduction of oxygen, down to a minimum value of 9.6% by volume, and an increase of particulate matter concentration and total organic carbon, up to maximum values of respectively 2200 mg/Nm 3 and 800 mg/Nm 3 . Evaluations about the toxicological risk for human health and the environment are reported within the study, highlighting difficulties and threats in fire risk prediction and human exposure to toxic load as function of numerous factors, such as construction materials of railcars and passenger health state.

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“…As result of the modernization of the sector, many countries have been incorporating alternative forms of waste management strategies such as [4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of environmental impact from renewable and non-renewable energy sources

Ragazzi¹,

Ionescu²,

Cioranu³

2017

Int. J. EQ

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The scientific studies show that the greatest amount of CO 2 emissions, in the European Union, results from the production of electricity and heat (for example, the production of coal-based energy in the EU Member States generates an amount of approximately one billion tons of CO 2 emissions, that is about 1/4 of total CO 2 emissions in the EU). The waste sector is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions accountable for approximately one twentieth of the global greenhouse budget. This contribution consists of CH 4 emission from waste anaerobic decomposition and CO 2 from thermal treatments. This study presents some district heating preliminary considerations through thermo-chemical conversion of renewable and non-renewable sources. Three locations are virtually analyzed, two counties from Romania and one from Italy. A comparison is made between using different potential types of fuel: wood, coal, MSW, residual municipal solid waste (RMSW), bio-dried waste (BD) and solid-recovered fuel (SRF). The lower heating values (LHVs) of the two types of studied lignite (coal from Romania and Italy) are higher in comparison with the LHV of MSW, similar to the ones of RMSW and BD waste, but lower to the ones of SRF and wood, with some exceptions. Data suitable for preliminary global environmental balances and local impact considerations from atmospheric emissions were carried out for the quantity of primary fuel as presented. Results demonstrate that, even from the preliminary considerations, the environmental performances of district heating are strongly affected by the choice of the fuel.

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The mass and energy balance of an integrated solution for municipal solid waste treatment

Cited by 30 publications

References 26 publications

Selective Collection Quality Index for Municipal Solid Waste Management

Selective Collection Quality Index for Municipal Solid Waste Management

Fire simulation in a full-scale Bilevel rail car: Experimental analysis to assess passenger safety

Assessment of environmental impact from renewable and non-renewable energy sources

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