The MASCOT lander aboard Hayabusa2: The in-situ exploration of NEA (162173) Ryugu

Ho, Tra‐Mi; Jaumann, R.; Bibring, Jean‐Pierre; Grott, M.; Glaßmeier, Karl‐Heinz; Moussi, Aurelie; Krause, Christian; Auster, Ulrich; Baturkin, Volodymyr; Biele, Jens; Cordero, Federico; Cozzoni, B.; Dudal, Clement; Fantinati, Cinzia; Grimm, Christian; Grundmann, J. T.; Hamm, Maximilian; Herčík, David; Kayal, Kagan; Knollenberg, J.; Küchemann, Oliver; Ksenik, Eugen; Lange, Caroline; Lange, Michael; Lorda, Laurence; Maibaum, Michael; Mimasu, Yuya; Cénac-Morthe, C.; Okada, Tatsuaki; Otto, Katharina A.; Pilorget, C.; Reill, Josef; Saiki, Takanao; Sasaki, Kaname; Schlotterer, Markus; Schmitz, Nicole; Schröder, Stefan; Termtanasombat, Nawarat; Toth, Nortbert; Tsuda, Yuichi; Ulamec, Stephan; Wolff, Friederike; Yoshimitsu, Tetsuo; Ziach, C.

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2021.105200

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…After its settlement MASCOT performed a selfrightening manoeuvre to get into its measurement orientation towards the asteroid's surface and the MAM started the first MASCOT surface science sequence (Figure 6). Actually, the GNC system on-board MASCOT detected the orientation wrong for this first measurement position, likely due to the very rough terrain around MASCOT [3]. MASCOT was in this phase upside down oriented but performed constantly its measurement.…”

Section: Mascot Landing and On-asteroid (Ryugu) Phasementioning

confidence: 97%

“…30 sec after MACOT separation the HY2 spacecraft started to ascent to an altitude of about 3 km above Ryugu's surface. HY-2 spacecraft continued to stay at this altitude of 3 km until the end of MASCOT mission and returned afterwards to its home position [3].…”

Section: Mascot Landing and On-asteroid (Ryugu) Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…MASCOT is a mobile surface science package with a mass of about 10 kg [2], [3]. After arrival at the target asteroid (162173) Ryugu a detailed mapping phase was performed and the landing site of MASCOT has been selected [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MASCOT—A Mobile Lander On-board the Hayabusa2 Spacecraft—Operations on Ryugu

Krause¹,

Auster²,

Bibring³

et al. 2022

Space Operations

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MASCOT ('Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout') is a 10 kg mobile surface science package part of JAXA's Hayabusa2 sample return mission. The mission was launched in December 2014 from Tanegashima Space Center, Japan. The Hayabusa2 spacecraft reached the target asteroid in summer 2018. After a mapping phase of the asteroid and a landing site selection process the MASCOT lander was deployed to the surface on the 3 rd of October 2018. MASCOT operated successfully for about 17 hours on the surface of Ryugu. It performed three relocation manoeuvres and one "Mini-Move" and returned 128 MBytes of data.MASCOT has been developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in cooperation with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). The main objectives were to perform in-situ investigations of the asteroid surface and to support the sampling site selection for the mother spacecraft. These objectives could be reached successfully.On 6 th December 2020 (JST) Hayabusa returned successfully asteroid samples to the Earth.

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Section: Mascot Landing and On-asteroid (Ryugu) Phasementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Mascot Landing and On-asteroid (Ryugu) Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

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MASCOT—A Mobile Lander On-board the Hayabusa2 Spacecraft—Operations on Ryugu

Krause¹,

Auster²,

Bibring³

et al. 2022

Space Operations

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“…The exact sequence of the deployment of the locomotion system (i.e., unfolding of "legs" with wheels) will upright the rover, independent of its original attitude. The scenario does have some similarity with MASCOT, the small lander delivered to asteroid Ryugu as part of the Hayabusa2 mission, which was also autonomously uprighting itself after a short bouncing phase (Jaumann et al 2019;Ho et al 2021). After the Rover is positioned on its four wheels, the solar generator is going to be deployed, and the vehicle can start science operations after a short commissioning phase (Fig.…”

Section: Rover and Its Deployment On Phobosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science operation plan of Phobos and Deimos from the MMX spacecraft

Nakamura

Ikeda

Kouyama³

et al. 2021

Earth Planets Space

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The science operations of the spacecraft and remote sensing instruments for the Martian Moon eXploration (MMX) mission are discussed by the mission operation working team. In this paper, we describe the Phobos observations during the first 1.5 years of the spacecraft’s stay around Mars, and the Deimos observations before leaving the Martian system. In the Phobos observation, the spacecraft will be placed in low-altitude quasi-satellite orbits on the equatorial plane of Phobos and will make high-resolution topographic and spectroscopic observations of the Phobos surface from five different altitudes orbits. The spacecraft will also attempt to observe polar regions of Phobos from a three-dimensional quasi-satellite orbit moving out of the equatorial plane of Phobos. From these observations, we will constrain the origin of Phobos and Deimos and select places for landing site candidates for sample collection. For the Deimos observations, the spacecraft will be injected into two resonant orbits and will perform many flybys to observe the surface of Deimos over as large an area as possible. Graphical Abstract

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“…For example, the rovers, named MINERVA‐II‐1A, MINERVA‐1B, and the lander Mobile Small body Surface Scout (MASCOT) have been successfully deployed by Hayabusa 2 (Scholten et al., 2019; Soldini et al., 2020; Yoshikawa et al., 2020). They landed on the surfaces of the small body 162173 Ryugu, sent back the pictures and videos of the rocky surfaces, examined the surface mechanical properties, and implemented a series of scientific missions, such as investigating the multispectral reflectance, the thermal characteristics, and the magnetic properties (Ho et al., 2021). The release altitude above the Ryugu surface for the two probes is estimated at 40–50 m, respectively (Yoshikawa et al., 2020), which is far less than the orbital observation distance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Lander Size and Shape on the Ballistic Landing Motion

Zeng

Wen

et al. 2022

Earth and Space Science

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This article investigates the ballistic landing motion and final distribution of the landers in different sizes or shapes near the small celestial body. Three typical shapes, including cubic, cuboid, and cylindrical, are considered for the landers deployed to a tri‐axial ellipsoid model. The Polygonal Contact Model (PCM) is used to detect the contact/collision, where the Hertz model is applied to calculate the continuous contact force. Different‐sized cubic landers (in the edge length of 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm) are numerically simulated to examine how the lander size influences its dynamics. The landing motion of the cuboid‐ and the cylinder‐shaped landers are then analyzed in the same technique. The heights of these asymmetrical landers are assumed to be 25, 30, and 35 cm, respectively, to illustrate the shape effect. Monte Carlo simulations are implemented for various landers to account for the surface motion randomness. The final dispersion, the outgoing velocity after the collision, the horizontal transfer distance, and the settling time are taken to be critical indicators for discussing the landing behavior, which can provide implications for the probe design of future missions.

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The MASCOT lander aboard Hayabusa2: The in-situ exploration of NEA (162173) Ryugu

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

MASCOT—A Mobile Lander On-board the Hayabusa2 Spacecraft—Operations on Ryugu

MASCOT—A Mobile Lander On-board the Hayabusa2 Spacecraft—Operations on Ryugu

Science operation plan of Phobos and Deimos from the MMX spacecraft

Influence of the Lander Size and Shape on the Ballistic Landing Motion

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