The marine soundscape of the Perth Canyon

Erbe, Christine; Verma, Arti; McCauley, Robert D.; Gavrilov, Alexander; Parnum, Iain

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2015.05.015

Cited by 102 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The "bioduck" (Fig. 8) is also commonly heard in the Perth Canyon in the austral winter, where it covers 100-500 Hz in frequency with about 0.2 s/pulse and 5 pulses/train [6] and occurs as far north as Exmouth, WA [44].…”

Section: Balaenoptera Acutorostrata-common Minke Whalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pygmy blue whale song has been recorded off WA and along the southern Australian coast [6,79,85,[93][94][95][96][97][98]. Song units are FM type, with a fundamental frequency of 15-25 Hz and harmonics up to 100 Hz, although this can be higher for nearby animals.…”

Section: Balaenoptera Musculus-blue Whalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the underwater biophony in Australia is rich and complex, specifically in Australia's tropical and subtropical regions (e.g. [5,6]), we often do not know what species make what sounds. This is a major problem in particular for marine environmental impact assessments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Underwater and In-Air Sounds Emitted by Australian and Antarctic Marine Mammals

et al. 2017

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The study of marine soundscapes is a growing field of research. Recording hardware is becoming more accessible; there are a number of off-the-shelf autonomous recorders that can be deployed for months at a time; software analysis tools exist as shareware; raw or preprocessed recordings are freely and publicly available. However, what is missing are catalogues of commonly recorded sounds. Sounds related to geophysical events (e.g. earthquakes) and weather (e.g. wind and precipitation), to human activities (e.g. ships) and to marine animals (e.g. crustaceans, fish and marine mammals) commonly occur. Marine mammals are distributed throughout Australia's oceans and significantly contribute to the underwater soundscape. However, due to a lack of concurrent visual and passive acoustic observations, it is often not known which species produces which sounds. To aid in the analysis of Australian and Antarctic marine soundscape recordings, a literature review of the sounds made by marine mammals was undertaken. Frequency, duration and source level measurements are summarised and tabulated. In addition to the literature review, new marine mammal data are presented and include recordings from Australia of Omura's whales (Balaenoptera omurai), dwarf sperm whales (Kogia sima), common dolphins (Delphinus delphis), short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), long-finned pilot whales (G. melas), Fraser's dolphins (Lagenodelphis hosei), false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens), striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) and spinner dolphins (S. longirostris), as well as the whistles and burst-pulse sounds of Australian pygmy killer whales (Feresa attenuata). To date, this is the most comprehensive acoustic summary for marine mammal species in Australian waters.

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Section: Balaenoptera Acutorostrata-common Minke Whalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Balaenoptera Musculus-blue Whalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Underwater and In-Air Sounds Emitted by Australian and Antarctic Marine Mammals

et al. 2017

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“…The emphasis in this publication has been in attempting to define the probable chorus source. Jones et al (1992) in a site evaluation for a naval acoustic tracking range first described this chorus while Erbe et al (2015) present a short summary of this chorus type from the Perth Canyon. Neither Jones et al (1992) or Erbe et al (2015) attributed a source to the chorus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evening choruses in the Perth Canyon and their potential link with Myctophidae fishes

McCauley

Cato

2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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An evening chorus centered at near 2.2 kHz was detected across the years 2000 to 2014 from seabed receivers in 430–490 m depth overlooking the Perth Canyon, Western Australia. The chorus reached a maximum level typically 2.1 h post-sunset and normally ran for 2.1 h (between 3 dB down points). It was present at lower levels across most of the hours of darkness. Maximum chorus spectrum levels were 74–76 dB re 1 μPa2/Hz in the 2 kHz 1/3 octave band, averaging 6–12 dB and up to 30 dB greater than pre-sunset levels. The chorus displayed highest levels over April to August each year with up to 10 dB differences between seasons. The spatial extent of the chorus was not determined but exceeded the sampling range of 13–15 km offshore from the 300 m depth contour and 33 km along the 300 m depth contour. The chorus comprised short damped pulses. The most likely chorus source is considered to be fishes of the family Myctophidae foraging in the water column. The large chorus spatial extent and its apparent correlation with regions of high productivity suggest it may act as an acoustic beacon to marine fauna indicating regions of high biomass.

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“…However, as evidenced by the increased research focus on soundscapes and the role of sound in marine ecosystems (e.g. Williams et al, 2014;Erbe et al, 2015), traditional "baseline" ambient noise concepts and measurement approaches do not adequately address the variability in underlying sound production and propagation mechanisms that ultimately govern the local acoustic environment. Alternatively, the "baseline" becomes a compilation of various acoustic features that systematically represent a complex, dynamic soundscape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soundscape characterization in a dynamic acoustic environment: Grand Passage, Nova Scotia, a planned in-stream tidal energy site

Lombardi¹,

Hay²,

Barclay³

2016

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

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The marine environment in the Bay of Fundy hosts a dynamic and diverse soundscape that is a fundamental component of the local ecosystem. The emergence of new human marine activities and infrastructure, such as tidal turbine installations, introduces new sound sources that change or disrupt the existing acoustic environment, but the full extent of these changes is not well understood and is not predictable. To better evaluate the effects of future tidal energy development on the local soundscape in Grand Passage, Nova Scotia, a thorough understanding of the pre-development characteristics must be established. The present research seeks to identify existing anthropophony, biophony, and geophony, and to evaluate the underlying mechanisms contributing to geophonic variability. Passive acoustic measurements have been conducted using long-term moored omnidirectional hydrophones, a moored 5-channel array, and drifting hydrophone arrays, enabling identification of dominant signals and source direction, estimation of pseudonoise masking effects due to turbulent flow, and analysis of diurnal, daily, seasonal, and annual variability as well as spatial variability within the study area. This paper provides an overview of the dominant sound sources and discusses the effects of environmental forcing on soundscape characteristics.

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The marine soundscape of the Perth Canyon

Cited by 102 publications

References 60 publications

Review of Underwater and In-Air Sounds Emitted by Australian and Antarctic Marine Mammals

Review of Underwater and In-Air Sounds Emitted by Australian and Antarctic Marine Mammals

Evening choruses in the Perth Canyon and their potential link with Myctophidae fishes

Soundscape characterization in a dynamic acoustic environment: Grand Passage, Nova Scotia, a planned in-stream tidal energy site

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