The marine environments encompassing the Neoproterozoic glaciations: Evidence from C, Sr and Fe isotope ratios in the Hecla Hoek Supergroup in Svalbard

Tahata, Miyuki; Sawaki, Yusuke; Yoshiya, Kazumi; Nishizawa, Manabu; Komiya, Tsuyoshi; Hirata, Takafumi; Yoshida, Naohiro; Maruyama, Shigenori; Windley, Brian F.

doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2015.03.007

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Available evidence suggests anoxic oceans (largely ferruginous but locally euxinic) beneath an oxygenated surface mixed layer (Och & Shields-Zhou, 2012;Tahata et al, 2015;Sperling et al, 2015). This model, based on redox proxies, is consistent with petrographic evidence from the LCWI in South Australia, where primary dolomite cements in a reef complex with significant vertical relief record gradients in Fe and Mn , 2015.…”

Section: Palaeoenvironmental Evolutionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Riedman et al (2014) found only depauperate acritarch assemblages in E3, dominated by simple spheres, but found such low diversity assemblages to be typical also of the Sturtian and post-Sturtian interval in Australian sections. Tahata et al (2015) carried out a microanalytical Fe-isotope study of pyrite in Polarisbreen Group sections in Nordaustlandet to the NE of our study area and observed δ 56/54 Fe in E3 up to +3.91 ± 0.29‰, indicative of iron oxidation at a chemocline above a ferruginous ocean. They also presented low-resolution δ 13 C data which are consistent with those presented herein.…”

Section: Lithostratigraphy and Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intervening mid-Cryogenian non-glacial interval is exposed on the mainland (NE Spitsbergen) and on Nordaustlandet (Fairchild & Hambrey, 1984;Halverson et al, 2004;Hoffman et al, 2012;Riedman et al, 2014;Tahata et al, 2015;Kunzmann et al, 2015). The strata are steeply dipping, but unmetamorphosed and detailed geological maps are given in Hoffman et al (2012) and Fleming (2014, p. 121-122).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Late Cryogenian Warm Interval, NE Svalbard: Chemostratigraphy and genesis

Fairchild

Bonnand²,

Davies

et al. 2016

Precambrian Research

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms At the base of E3, interstratification of cap carbonate with ice-rafted and redeposited glacial sediments occurs. Early diagenetic stabilization of carbonate mineralogy from a precursor, possibly ikaite, to calcite or dolomite is inferred. E3 is predominantly dolomitic silt-shale, with sub-millimetre lamination, lacking sand or current-related sedimentary structures. Thin fine laminae are partly pyritized and interpreted as microbial mats. Dolomite content is 25-50%, with δ 13 C values consistently around +4‰, a value attributed to buffering by dissolution of a precursor metastable carbonate phase. Local calcite cement associates with low δ 13 C values. The carbonates form silt-sized, chemically zoned rhombic crystals from an environment with dynamically changing Fe and Mn. Three-dimensional reconstructions of cm-scale disturbance structures indicate that they represent horizontally directed sock-like folds, developed by release of overpressure into thin surficial sediment overlying an early-cemented layer.A shoaling upwards unit near the top of E3 displays calcium sulphate pseudomorphs in dolomite in the north, but storm-dominated limestones in the south, both being overlain by peritidal oolitic dolomites, exposed under the succeeding Wilsonbreen glacial deposits. There is no Trezona δ 13 C anomaly, possibly implying top-truncation of the succession.Regular 0.5 m-scale sedimentary rhythms, reflecting subtle variations in sediment texture or composition occur throughout E3 and are interpreted as allocyclic. They are thought to be mainly primary in origin, locally modified slightly during early diagenetic cementation. Rhythms are proposed to represent ca. 18 kyr precession cycles, implying 6-8 Myr deposition between glaciations.

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Section: Palaeoenvironmental Evolutionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Lithostratigraphy and Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Late Cryogenian Warm Interval, NE Svalbard: Chemostratigraphy and genesis

Fairchild

Bonnand²,

Davies

et al. 2016

Precambrian Research

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“…examine the parameters that can explain these modern-seawaterlike values relative to an anoxic baseline (T3) using equations (1) through (6). Though paleoredox conditions during the Sturtian glaciation are poorly constrained, the preponderance of basin-wide indicators for ferruginous conditions preceding and following the glaciation suggests that the ocean was anoxic (Canfield et al, 2008;Tahata et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015). Under the assumption that the initial state of the ocean was similar to conditions following the Taishir excursion, we set initial parameters to an anoxic baseline based on the 5% estimate for T3 (Table S5).…”

Section: Mass Balance Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our reconstruction of Cryogenian global marine oxygenation and return to anoxic conditions suggests that the NOE was not an irreversible, stepwise increase in oxygenation, and that any long-term change was punctuated by large fluctuations. Previous studies using local proxies (Fe speciation and isotopes, and metal enrichments) indicate the deposition of anoxic black shales immediately following the Sturtian glaciation (Canfield et al, 2008;Feng et al, 2010;Kunzmann et al, 2015;Li et al, 2012;Sperling et al, 2016;Tahata et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015). However, these studies are dominated by data from the glacioeustatic transgressive-systems tracts (TST), which likely led to local organic loading and anoxia.…”

Section: Implications For the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uranium isotope evidence for temporary ocean oxygenation in the aftermath of the Sturtian Snowball Earth

Lau

Macdonald

Maher

et al. 2017

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

105

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The appearance and radiation of animals are commonly attributed to Neoproterozoic oceanic oxygenation, yet independent geochemical evidence for such an event remains equivocal. Strata deposited between the Sturtian and Marinoan Snowball Earth glaciations (660 to 640 Ma) contain the earliest animal biomarkers and possible body fossils. To quantify the extent of seafloor oxygenation during this critical interval, we present uranium isotope ratios ( 238 U/ 235 U denoted as δ 238 U) from limestone of the Taishir Formation in Mongolia through two stratigraphic sections that are separated by ∼75 km within the same depositional basin. Above the Sturtian glacial deposits, through ∼150 m of stratigraphy, δ 238 U compositions have a mean value of −0.47h. This interval is followed by a ∼0.3h decrease in δ 238 U, coincident with the Taishir negative carbon isotope excursion. Thereafter, δ 238 U values remain relatively low until the erosional unconformity at the base of the Marinoan glacial deposits. Using a box model, we show that the best explanation for the higher δ 238 U values of the post-Sturtian limestones is extensive-but temporary-oxygenation of the seafloor, and is inconsistent with a scenario involving only increased delivery of uranium to the oceans due to post-Snowball weathering. The decline in δ 238 U in overlying strata, coincident with the Taishir negative δ 13 C excursion, indicates a subsequent decrease in seafloor oxygenation. The U isotopic data, combined with modeling results, challenge the notion of a simple, unidirectional oxygenation of Neoproterozoic oceans.

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The Marinoan cap carbonate of Svalbard: Syngenetic marine dolomite with ¹⁷O‐anomalous carbonate‐associated sulphate

Fairchild

Bao

Windmill

et al. 2022

The Depositional Record

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The marine environments encompassing the Neoproterozoic glaciations: Evidence from C, Sr and Fe isotope ratios in the Hecla Hoek Supergroup in Svalbard

Cited by 32 publications

References 95 publications

The Late Cryogenian Warm Interval, NE Svalbard: Chemostratigraphy and genesis

The Late Cryogenian Warm Interval, NE Svalbard: Chemostratigraphy and genesis

Uranium isotope evidence for temporary ocean oxygenation in the aftermath of the Sturtian Snowball Earth

The Marinoan cap carbonate of Svalbard: Syngenetic marine dolomite with ¹⁷O‐anomalous carbonate‐associated sulphate

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The marine environments encompassing the Neoproterozoic glaciations: Evidence from C, Sr and Fe isotope ratios in the Hecla Hoek Supergroup in Svalbard

Cited by 32 publications

References 95 publications

The Late Cryogenian Warm Interval, NE Svalbard: Chemostratigraphy and genesis

The Late Cryogenian Warm Interval, NE Svalbard: Chemostratigraphy and genesis

Uranium isotope evidence for temporary ocean oxygenation in the aftermath of the Sturtian Snowball Earth

The Marinoan cap carbonate of Svalbard: Syngenetic marine dolomite with 17O‐anomalous carbonate‐associated sulphate

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Resources

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The Marinoan cap carbonate of Svalbard: Syngenetic marine dolomite with ¹⁷O‐anomalous carbonate‐associated sulphate