The Marine-Derived Fungus Clonostachys rosea, Source of a Rare Conjugated 4-Me-6E,8E-hexadecadienoic Acid Reducing Viability of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells and Gene Expression of Lipogenic Enzymes

Abstract

A marine-derived strain of Clonostachys rosea isolated from sediments of the river Loire estuary (France) was investigated for its high lipid production. The fungal strain was grown on six different culture media to explore lipid production changes. An original branched conjugated fatty acid, mainly present in triglycerides and mostly produced when grown on DCA (23% of total fatty acid composition). It was identified as 4-Me-6E,8E-hexadecadienoic on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. This fatty acid reduced viability of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a dose dependent manner (up to 63%) at physiological free fatty acid human plasma concentration (100 μM). Reduction of gene expression of two lipogenic enzymes, the acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) and the fatty acid synthase (FAS) was evaluated to explore the mechanisms of action of 4-Me-6E,8E-16:2 acid. At 50 μM, 50% and 35% of mRNA gene expression inhibition were observed for ACC and FAS, respectively.

Macroalgae Derived Fungi Have High Abilities to Degrade Algal Polymers

“…In addition, all seaweed derived isolates identified in this study are facultative marine fungi and can be found in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. For instance, C. sphaerospermum [61], C. ramotenellum [62], P. brevicompactum [63], E. nigrum [62], C. rosea [64], and R. oryzae [65] are mainly known from terrestrial environments, but they are also found in deep sea (C. sphaerospermum) [66], Dead Sea water (C. ramotenellum, P. brevicompactum) [67], river sediments (C. rosea) [68], associated with marine sponges (E. nigrum, P. brevicompactum) [69,70], bryozoan Bugula sp. (R. oryzae) [71] or with seagrasses Posidonia oceanica (C. rosea) [72].…”

Marine natural products

“…320 This fatty acid inhibited growth of MCF-7 cells and down-regulated the lipogenic enzymes acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS). 321 Acetylgliotoxin G 322 543 was obtained for the rst time as a MNP as was the known synthetic open-chain hemisuccinimide 544, 323 (Penicillium copticola) which was named penicillimide. 324 Alternariol-9-methyl ether 3-O-sulfate 545, previously obtained from Alternaria sp., an endophyte of the Egyptian medicinal plant Polygonum senegalense, 325 was obtained for the rst time from the marine environment from endophytic Alternaria alternata.…”

Fatty Acid Synthase Beta Dehydratase in the Lipid Biosynthesis Pathway Is Required for Conidiogenesis, Pigmentation and Appressorium Formation in Magnaporthe oryzae S6

“…Unsaturated fatty acids are categorized into short, medium, long and very long-chain fatty acids [ 62 , 63 ]. Metabolism of short chain fatty acids (1–6C) and medium chain fatty acids (7–19C ) occurs through the process of β-oxidation, which takes place in the peroxisomes before lipid biosynthesis [ 64 , 65 ].…”