The many faces of PPARγ: Anti-inflammatory by any means?

Szántó, Attila; Nagy, László

doi:10.1016/j.imbio.2008.07.015

Cited by 134 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…8 PPAR␥ is known to be an anti-inflammatory checkpoint in many inflammatory settings and various cell types. 9 We demonstrate the expression distribution of VNN1 in the major subsets of human blood cells and, furthermore, a similar role of VNN1 as an oxidative stress sensor in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Thus, VNN1 in particular and oxidative stress pathways in general appear to be associated with the development of chronic ITP in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The role of vanin-1 and oxidative stress–related pathways in distinguishing acute and chronic pediatric ITP

Zhang¹,

Shen³

et al. 2011

Blood

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

The role of vanin-1 and oxidative stress–related pathways in distinguishing acute and chronic pediatric ITP

Zhang¹,

Shen³

et al. 2011

Blood

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“…OxPAPC products have been shown to be ligands for CD36 (245), and agents that directly bind CD36 may be anti-inflammatory because of the induction of IL-10 (215). Similarly the hydroxyl and hydroperoxy free fatty acids are ligands for the PPARg, which is known to have antiinflammatory function because of its suppression of induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (276). Although the individual lipids exert their cellular effects when added as pure compounds, it is not clear whether in vivo they enter the cells through (lipid) specific receptor-mediated pathways, or as part of the whole OxLDL particles.…”

Section: F Alternative Pathways For Minimally-oxidized Ldlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidized LDL: Diversity, Patterns of Recognition, and Pathophysiology

Levitan

Volkov

Subbaiah

2010

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

379

328

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Oxidative modification of LDL is known to elicit an array of pro-atherogenic responses, but it is generally underappreciated that oxidized LDL (OxLDL) exists in multiple forms, characterized by different degrees of oxidation and different mixtures of bioactive components. The variable effects of OxLDL reported in the literature can be attributed in large part to the heterogeneous nature of the preparations employed. In this review, we first describe the various subclasses and molecular composition of OxLDL, including the variety of minimally modified LDL preparations. We then describe multiple receptors that recognize various species of OxLDL and discuss the mechanisms responsible for the recognition by specific receptors. Furthermore, we discuss the contentious issues such as the nature of OxLDL in vivo and the physiological oxidizing agents, whether oxidation of LDL is a prerequisite for atherogenesis, whether OxLDL is the major source of lipids in foam cells, whether in some cases it actually induces cholesterol depletion, and finally the Janus-like nature of OxLDL in having both pro-and anti-inflammatory effects. Lastly, we extend our review to discuss the role of LDL oxidation in diseases other than atherosclerosis, including diabetes mellitus, and several autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus, anti-phospholipid syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 13, 39-75.

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“…25 Pioglitazone (PGZ), a drug of the Thiazolidinedione family, is a specific PPARg agonist that inhibits inflammation and reduces breast cancer cell proliferation. 26 Intriguingly, PPARa, which is activated by the chemical agonist Wy14643 (WY), induces both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response in target cells. [27][28][29] Here, MS from normal and tumor breast tissues, as well as from tumorigenic MCF7 and non-tumorigenic MCF10 human breast cell lines, were exposed to RARs, RXRs and PPARs agonists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear receptors agonists exert opposing effects on the inflammation dependent survival of breast cancer stem cells

et al. 2012

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Recent literature highlights the importance of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the biology of breast cancer stem cells (CSCs), unraveling differences with respect to their normal counterparts. Expansion of mammospheres (MS) is a valuable tool for the in vitro study of normal and cancer mammary gland stem cells. Here, we expanded MSs from human breast cancer and normal mammary gland tissues, as well from tumorigenic (MCF7) and non-tumorigenic (MCF10) breast cell lines. We observed that agonists for the retinoid X receptor (6-OH-11-O-hydroxyphenanthrene), retinoic acid receptor (all-trans retinoic acid (RA)) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-c (pioglitazone (PGZ)), reduce the survival of MS generated from breast cancer tissues and MCF7 cells, but not from normal mammary gland or MCF10 cells. This phenomenon is paralleled by the hampering of pro-inflammatory Nuclear Factor-jB (NF-jB)/Interleukin-6 (IL6) axis that is hyperactive in breast cancer-derived MS. The hindrance of such pathway associates with the downregulation of MS regulatory genes (SLUG, Notch3, Jagged1) and with the upregulation of the differentiation markers estrogen receptor-a and keratin18. At variance, the PPARa agonist Wy14643 promotes MS formation, upregulating NF-jB/IL6 axis and MS regulatory genes. These data reveal that nuclear receptors agonists (6-OH-11-O-hydroxyphenanthrene, RA, PGZ) reduce the inflammation dependent survival of breast CSCs and that PPARa agonist Wy14643 exerts opposite effects on this phenotype.

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The many faces of PPARγ: Anti-inflammatory by any means?

Cited by 134 publications

References 139 publications

The role of vanin-1 and oxidative stress–related pathways in distinguishing acute and chronic pediatric ITP

The role of vanin-1 and oxidative stress–related pathways in distinguishing acute and chronic pediatric ITP

Oxidized LDL: Diversity, Patterns of Recognition, and Pathophysiology

Nuclear receptors agonists exert opposing effects on the inflammation dependent survival of breast cancer stem cells

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