The many faces of forward head posture: the importance of differential diagnosis

Blum, Charles

doi:10.1080/08869634.2019.1594003

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…In addition, there are various ndings about the impact of FHP on respiratory function. Some studies have reported that FHP is a common postural misalignment in patients with chronic neck pain and has a negative impact on respiration [51][52][53][54]. In contrast, Dimitriadis et al showed that patients with chronic neck pain did not differ from the control group in terms of FHP despite respiratory dysfunction [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of breathing pattern and diaphragmatic motion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy and asymptomatic group

Yousefiyan,

Yoosefinejad,

Jalli

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Recently, there has been growing interest in the research and management of respiratory dysfunctions in patients with neck pain. Although patients with cervical radiculopathy (CR) are predominantly managed as neuromusculoskeletal patients, currently, there is evidence that they also have pulmonary dysfunction. Although many studies have investigated respiratory dysfunction in patients with chronic neck pain, this is the first study to examine the respiratory motion of the diaphragm in CR. The purpose of this study was to compare the breathing pattern and diaphragmatic excursion in patients with unilateral CR with those in an asymptomatic group. Methods: Twenty-five patients with unilateral CR and 25 asymptomatic individuals between 30 and 55 years old participated in this study. Diaphragmatic motion, breathing pattern, active cervical range of motion (ACROM) and kinesiophobia were investigated in both groups by using fluoroscopy, manual assessment of respiratory motion (MARM), cervical range of motion device, and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) questionnaire. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to sex, age and body mass index (BMI). The mean excursion of the hemi diaphragm on the involved side (the side of CR) was significantly lower than that on the uninvolved side in patients with unilateral CR with a large effect size. The excursion of the involved hemi diaphragm in patients was reduced compared to the matched hemi diaphragm in the control group. There was no significant difference between the hemi diaphragm excursion in the control group. The results of the MARM variables showed that the volume of breathing and the percentage rib cage motion in normal and deep breathing were significantly different between the two groups, but there was no significant difference in the balance of breathing between the two groups. Additionally, the CROM was reduced in these patients in comparison to the control group, and it was less on the involved side than on the uninvolved side. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed a dysfunctional breathing pattern in normal and deep breathing and a unilateral reduction in diaphragmatic excursion on the side of radiculopathy in patients with unilateral CR compared to the control group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of breathing pattern and diaphragmatic motion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy and asymptomatic group

Yousefiyan,

Yoosefinejad,

Jalli

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…hyper-kyphosis causes the forward head posture while other studies indicate the descending component i.e. forward head posture causes the hyperkyphosis 2,7 . Now a days, as the use of mobile phones or laptops in a poor posture and prolonged consecutive sitting hours increases, the occurrence of FHP also become dominant 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…FHP is the hyperextension and anterior translation of the cervicalspine 1 . It is related to the head pointing in anterior direction more than an inch over atlas on which skull rests compared to an "ideal" position, in which ears are lined up with the shoulder 2,3 . FHP is also recognized as "reading neck", "text neck", "wearies neck", "scholar's neck", "iHunch", or "cervical posture in sagittal plane" 1,4 Etiologically, FHP is a postural malformation that is produced by many reasons including head raised overly elevated while sleeping, prolonged usage of computers, laptops and cellular gadgets, book reading, poor occupational and work related ergonomics, poorly developed back muscles strength and nutritional deficiency such as calcium 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Posture Correction on Chest Expansion with patient with Forward Head Posture

Ahmed¹,

Wajeeha²,

Shoukat³

et al. 2022

PJMHS

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Background: Poor posture and sedentary lifestyle cause Forward Head Posture (FHP). Although Posture Correction Band (PCB) is used quite often to correct FHP, yet it is not exactly known that the PCB influenced the chest expansion in population with FHP. Aim: To find out the effects of PCB on chest expansion in population with FHP. Methodology: Randomized Control trial was conducted on forty-two subjects with forward head posture. Subjects were divided in two groups. G1 was educated as per McKenzie exercise principle. G2 wore postural correction band. Results: Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 25. The mean age in Group 1 was 27.09±6.33 and in Group 2 was 29.5±5.34 in terms of outcome measures of chest expansion. The chest expansion was significant in group B with mean clinical difference as 0.22±0.05, 0.39±0.08 and 0.21±0.09 at axillary, 4th intercostal and xiphisternum level respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that there are significant effects of wearing PCB on chest expansion in terms of mean clinical significance and statistical significance. Keywords: Chest Expansion, Forward Head Posture, Posture Correction Band

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“…According to the Janda approach, deformity in one part of the body affects other regions and leads to malalignments [5]. According to previous studies, individuals with thoracic HKP have FHP; the cause of which is a compensatory mechanism to align eye direction with the horizon [6]. However, the prevalence of FHP was reported in the range of 66%-80% [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of National Academy of Sports Medicine and Sahrmann Training on Foot Pressure Distribution in Flexed Posture Students

Jabbar

Gandomi

2021

IRJ

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Objectives: Flexed posture with Hyperkyphosis (HKP) and Forward Head Posture (FHP), due to changes in the spine alignment, lead to the displacement of the center of pressure and increased postural sways; ultimately, this condition disrupts the distribution of foot pressure. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effects of 8 weeks of National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) and Sharman training on Foot Pressure Distribution (FPD) in flexed posture students. Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 30 students with HKP and FHP were randomly assigned in two groups of NASM and Sahrmann (n=15/group). The angle of HKP and FHP were evaluated by Spinal Mouse and Image J software. FPD was also assessed by a Payatek foot scaner (PT-scan) device. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using one-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The present research results suggested that both intervention groups presented significant differences in reducing the angle of HKP (P<0.001) and FHP (P<0.001), COP minor axis length (P<0.05), COP major axis length (P<0.001), COP path length (P<0.001), the standard deviation of internal-external sways (P<0.001), and standard deviation of anterior-posterior sways (P<0.001); however, t there was no significant difference concerning the COP area (P>0.05) and symmetry index between the two legs (P>0.05). Discussion: Both provided corrective exercises reduced HKP and FHP angles and reduced postural sways. However, Sahrmann intervention with adjusted muscle stiffness and reduced electromechanical latency was more effective than NASM exercises in improving postural control and foot pressure symmetry index.

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The many faces of forward head posture: the importance of differential diagnosis

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Comparison of breathing pattern and diaphragmatic motion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy and asymptomatic group

Comparison of breathing pattern and diaphragmatic motion in patients with unilateral cervical radiculopathy and asymptomatic group

Effects of Posture Correction on Chest Expansion with patient with Forward Head Posture

The Effects of National Academy of Sports Medicine and Sahrmann Training on Foot Pressure Distribution in Flexed Posture Students

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