The Many Difficulties and Subtleties in the Cognitive Assessment of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Abrantes, Jefferson; Torres, Daniel Simplício; Brandão‐Mello, Carlos Eduardo

doi:10.1155/2020/9675235

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…(2) the number of study participants was small, thus limiting the study's statistical power. However, this study's sample size is close to that found in the vast majority of studies available in the literature [6]; and (3) the examiners were not blinded to the participants' serological status, wich may influence the outcome of neuropsychological testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…However, several studies have included patients with liver cirrhosis, advanced stage of hepatic fibrosis, and depression; besides, some published papers did not report such associations. Therefore, the controversy about whether HCV infection could be a cause of cognitive alterations remains unknown [6,[21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study has the following limitations: (1) it was a cross-sectional study, which would not be an adequate International Journal of Hepatology design to establish a relationship of HCV exposure as a causative factor of cognitive deficit, although the literature available so far is composed of cross-sectional studies [6];…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study has the following limitations: (1) it was a cross-sectional study, which would not be an adequate design to establish a relationship of HCV exposure as a causative factor of cognitive deficit, although the literature available so far is composed of cross-sectional studies [ 6 ]; (2) the number of study participants was small, thus limiting the study's statistical power. However, this study's sample size is close to that found in the vast majority of studies available in the literature [ 6 ]; and (3) the examiners were not blinded to the participants' serological status, wich may influence the outcome of neuropsychological testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pattern of cognitive impairment that is most often described in HCV infection involves the cortical regions of the frontal lobe and basal ganglia and is a pattern similar to that observed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection [ 5 ]. However, despite the evidence of the presence of cognitive dysfunction in chronic HCV patients, many studies on the subject have included patients with comorbidities, such as cirrhosis and depression, which are also associated with cognitive impairment [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Patients with Hepatitis C Infection and Normal Liver Function: A Neuropsychological and Neurophysiological Assessment of Cognitive Functions

Abrantes

Torres

Brandão‐Mello

2021

International Journal of Hepatology

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Several studies have proposed a link between chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the development of cognitive disorders. However, the inclusion of confounding factors in their samples significantly limits the interpretation of the results. Therefore, here, we aimed to compare the neurophysiological and cognitive performance between patients with HCV infection and a control group after excluding other factors that may cause cognitive impairment. This cross-sectional, group-control, observational study was performed from September 12, 2014, to October 20, 2017. HCV-infected patients and healthy individuals between 18 and 77 years were considered eligible. The exclusion criteria included well-established causes of cognitive impairment, such as depression and cirrhosis. The participants were submitted to neuropsychological testing to evaluate global cognitive function (minimental), sustained attention, divided attention, selective attention, working memory, psychomotor speed, and executive function and to a neurophysiological evaluation using quantitative electroencephalograms and P300 cognitive evoked potentials. Among the 309 patients considered eligible for the study, we excluded 259 patients who had one or more characteristics from the preestablished exclusion criteria, 18 who did not undergo neuropsychological and neurophysiological testing, and five who exhibited depression. The final sample consisted of 27 patients each in the HCV and control groups. The groups did not differ in age, schooling, and sex. The patients in the HCV group exhibited poorer performances in the cognitive areas involving attention ( p = 0.01 ), memory ( p = 0.02 ), and psychomotor velocity ( p = 0.04 ) apart from exhibiting prolonged latency in the P3b component ( p = 0.03 ) and Z score ( p = 0.02 ) of the P300 evoked cognitive potential. In this study performed with strict selection criteria, on conducting neuropsychological and neurophysiological evaluations, we detected the presence of cognitive impairment characterized by the involvement of attention, working memory, psychomotor processing speed, and memory in the HCV group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patients with Hepatitis C Infection and Normal Liver Function: A Neuropsychological and Neurophysiological Assessment of Cognitive Functions

Abrantes

Torres

Brandão‐Mello

2021

International Journal of Hepatology

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Viral hepatitis moderates the impact of TGFB1 on neurocognitive impairment

Tsao,

Yu,

et al. 2024

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

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Recent studies have identified a correlation between chronic viral hepatitis and cognitive impairment, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the influence of TGFB1 genetic polymorphisms on cognitive function in individuals with and without hepatitis infections, hypothesizing that these polymorphisms and the viral hepatitis‐induced inflammatory environment interact to affect cognitive abilities. Participants (173 with viral hepatitis and 258 healthy controls) were recruited. Genotyping of TGFB1 SNPs was performed using the C2‐58 Axiom Genome‐Wide TWB 2.0 Array Plate. Cognitive function was assessed using the MMSE and MoCA tests. Our results showed that healthy individuals carrying the C allele of rs2241715 displayed better performance in sentence writing (p = 0.020) and language tasks (p = 0.022). Notably, viral hepatitis was found to moderate the impact of the rs2241715 genotype on language function (p = 0.002). Similarly, those carrying the T allele of rs10417924 demonstrated superior orientation to time (p = 0.002), with viral hepatitis modifying the influence of the SNP on this particular cognitive function (p = 0.010). Our findings underscore the significant role of TGFβ1 in cognitive function and the moderating impact of viral hepatitis on TGFB1 SNP effects. These findings illuminate the potential of TGFB1 as a therapeutic target for cognitive impairment induced by viral hepatitis, thus broadening our understanding of TGFβ1 functionality in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration.

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Cognitive Dysfunction in Liver Disease and Its Implications for Transplant Candidates

et al. 2023

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The Many Difficulties and Subtleties in the Cognitive Assessment of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Patients with Hepatitis C Infection and Normal Liver Function: A Neuropsychological and Neurophysiological Assessment of Cognitive Functions

Patients with Hepatitis C Infection and Normal Liver Function: A Neuropsychological and Neurophysiological Assessment of Cognitive Functions

Viral hepatitis moderates the impact of TGFB1 on neurocognitive impairment

Cognitive Dysfunction in Liver Disease and Its Implications for Transplant Candidates

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