The mantle transition zone beneath eastern North America: Receiver functions and tomographic velocity models

Burky, Alexander L.; Irving, J. C. E.; Simons, Frederik J.

doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2023.107035

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.pepi.2023.107035

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The mantle transition zone beneath eastern North America: Receiver functions and tomographic velocity models

Alexander L. Burky

J. C. E. Irving

Frederik J. Simons

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2023

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“…Radial anisotropy in model GLAD-M25 is confined to the upper mantle. Insufficiently resolved structure may be ascribed to a combination of source uncertainty and an incomplete model parametrization, including the lack of azimuthal anisotropy (Becker et al 2003), inherited topography on internal discontinuities (Burky et al 2023), and heterogeneous attenuation (Lei et al 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

Data-space cross-validation of global tomographic models to assess mantle structure underneath the Pacific Ocean

D. Wamba,

Simons,

Irving

2023

Preprint

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Seismic tomography is a principal method for studying deep mantle plume structure. Imaging Earth's wavespeed anomalies is conditioned byseismic wave sampling, and the uneven distribution of receiving stations worldwide leaves several candidate plumes beneath varioushotspots across the globe poorly resolved. We regionally evaluate two full-waveform global tomography wavespeed models, GLAD-M25 andSEMUCB-WM1, focusing on the mantle below the Pacific Ocean in the region of the South Pacific Superswell. This area contains multiple hotspots which may be anchored in the Large Low Shear-Velocity Province at the base of the mantle. The two models show similarities and differences in the target region. With a goal of guiding subsequent iterations in the GLAD model suite, we assess the quality of GLAD-M25 in the target region relative to its global performance using a regional partition of the seismic waveform data used in its construction. We evaluate synthetic waveforms calculated using the spectral-element method, based on how well they fit the data according to a variety of criteria measured across multiple seismic phases, wavetypes, and frequency bands. The distributions of travel-time anomalies that remain in GLAD-M25 are wider regionally than globally, suggestingcomparatively insufficiently resolved seismic velocity structure in the region of interest. This will motivate regionally focused inversions based on a subset of the global data set, and the additionof data sampling new corridors, especially using ocean sensors. We compare GLAD-M25 and SEMUCB-WM1 by cross-validation with a new,independent, data set. Our results reveal that short- and long-wavelength structure is captured differently by the two models. Global models use misfit criteria that may strive for balance between portions of the data set, but could leaveimportant regional domains underserved. Our results lead us to recommend focusing future model iteration and data addition on andaround the Pacific Superswell to better constrain seismic velocity structure in this area of significant geodynamic complexity.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-space cross-validation of global tomographic models to assess mantle structure underneath the Pacific Ocean

D. Wamba,

Simons,

Irving

2023

Preprint

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The mantle transition zone beneath eastern North America: Receiver functions and tomographic velocity models

Cited by 1 publication

References 61 publications

Data-space cross-validation of global tomographic models to assess mantle structure underneath the Pacific Ocean

Data-space cross-validation of global tomographic models to assess mantle structure underneath the Pacific Ocean

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