“…Examples of instruments for this type of approach are compulsory purchase and land banking. Governments in, for example, The Netherlands, Finland, Sweden, China, and Singapore actively intervene in land markets (Lichtenberg & Ding, 2009;Ooi et al, 2011;Needham, 2014;Valtonen et al, 2016), and in countries such as Switzerland, Luxembourg, United Kingdom, France, and Spain a more active role on the land market is under serious consideration (Munoz-Gielen, 2011;Becker & Hesse, 2011;Knoepfel et al, 2012;Monk et al, 2013;Gerber, 2016). Even where a local government applies an active approach, urban densification can be challenging, because of scarcely available land.…”