The Management of Uncertainty: Model for Evaluation of Human Error Probability in Railway System

Lombardi, Enrico

doi:10.3844/ajassp.2014.381.390

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…in Refs. [12][13][14][15][16]. Also the involvement of both users and equipment providers of agriculture machinery is important to properly analyse risk factors and the effectiveness on preventive and protective measures adopted, since it is recognized that most of occupational accidents are caused by unsafe conditions and unsafe behaviours [14,[17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritization of hazards by means of a QFD- based procedure

Lombardi¹,

Fargnoli²

2018

Int. J. SAFE

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Despite the evolution of regulations in the field of occupational health and safety promoted in EU countries, the number of accidents and victims has not significantly decreased in recent years, especially in constructions and agriculture sectors, as underlined by official reports of the Italian Workers' Compensation Authority. Main reasons of such a situation are due to the characteristics of working activities in these sectors. The variety of operations, the frequent exchange of tasks among workers within the same company, the continuous change of workplaces, the frequent exchange of workers for the same activity (e.g. seasonal workers), and the workers' stress caused by seasonal jobs. For these reasons both risk assessment and safety management activities result in being more difficult than in other working sectors. Thus, it is important to provide methodologies and tools that allow companies to carry out these tasks more effectively. In such a context, the study proposed by Esra Bas in 2014 certainly represents an attempt to provide a supporting methodology for engineers engaged in risk assessment activities. This approach consists in the use of the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, and it is aimed at evaluating how specific tasks can be in relationship with specific hazards, which in turn are related to specific events, and finally at defining what preventive/protective measures can be introduced against those events. Based on this, we tried to further investigate such an approach, with the goal of providing an easier-to-use tool, which can be used in risk assessment activities of critical contexts as the agriculture one. With this aim in mind, a case study concerning the risk assessment of an agricultural machinery was carried out. Keywords: agricultural equipment, house of quality, machinery safety, occupational safety, quality function deployment, risk assessment 1 INTRODUCTION In last decades, regulations concerning occupational health and safety, as well as machinery safety have become more and more severe. Despite this, in most of EU countries the number of accidents and victims has not significantly decreased [1,2]. Similarly, also in other developed countries such a phenomenon is perceived [3][4][5][6]. In particular, considering the Italian context, the occurrence of serious injuries and fatalities is very critical in the agriculture activities, where the compliance with new safety requirements results in being more difficult, due to the specific characteristics of the sector [7]. Actually, it has to be underlined that difficulties related with the implementation of safety measures are numerous, in particular for small and medium sized companies (SMEs), which can hardly afford additional costs for the compliance with safety requirements. SMEs represent more than the 80% of enterprises operating in the agricultural sector in Italy, and most of them are family-owned companies. Moreover, the number of part-time workers is also consistent.Most of serious accidents in this sector occur w...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritization of hazards by means of a QFD- based procedure

Lombardi¹,

Fargnoli²

2018

Int. J. SAFE

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“…Therefore, considering a general organization, all the essential actions have been suitably associated according to the proposed general scheme shown in Figure1 that starts with a proper risk analysis [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: The Integrated Multidisciplinary Model For Safety Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of BIM for safety and security management

Garzia¹,

Lombardi²

2018

Int. J. SDP

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A vital component of any type of organization for the prevention of incidental events and/or voluntary\ud attacks against people and tangible and intangible assets as well as for their protection when incidental\ud events and/or voluntary attacks happen is represented by safety and security management. Because of the\ud incessant development of new dangers and threats, safety and security management requests unceasing\ud updating, by means of powerful and flexible tools, such as BIM, which must be integrated via a multidisciplinary\ud approach, considering also economic features that must optimized from the cost/benefit point\ud of view. Integrated technological systems represent efficient tools to create solutions than can support\ud safety and security management in a competent manner, considering also budgets optimization. For this\ud reason, it is necessary to utilize a wide-range approach which, thanks to its flexibility, allows for the\ud realization of an integrated multidisciplinary model for safety and security management (IMMSSM)\ud which can be supported by a suitable Integrated Technological System Framework (ITSF), even based\ud on Internet of Everything (IoE). To achieve an operative IMMSSM, it is necessary to optimize the\ud available tools from the cost/benefit point of view. This goal represents a difficult challenge because, in\ud general, restricted funds are available. From this point of view, efficient and flexible tools, such as BIM,\ud represent vital elements to obtain solutions characterized by an optimal cost/benefit ratio. The purpose\ud of this paper is to illustrate the role of BIM for safety and security management, showing its peculiar\ud features from this point of view and its versatility both for the realization of resourceful IMMSSM and\ud related ITSF, even based on Io

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“…It is challenging to evacuate a mass volume of passengers in a well-organised and highly-efficient way in a rail transit system because of the uncertainty of accidents and complex nature of individual characteristics [7][8][9]. Passenger evacuation in rail transit systems can be hard to predict, because the types and locations of accidents that occur in rail transit are unpredictable [10]. In many cases, passengers are required to evacuate quickly in a difficult-walking Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Evacuation Walkway Design Parameters on Passenger Evacuation Time along Elevated Rail Transit Lines Using a Multi-Agent Simulation

et al. 2019

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Passenger evacuation on elevated railway lines has always been an important issue for elevated rail transit safety management, because it is challenging to evacuate passengers efficiently in the event of man-made calamities and natural disasters. Therefore, an evacuation walkway has been designed as a primary solution to assist passenger evacuation during an emergency on elevated rail transit lines. However, investigations on how evacuation walkway designs influence passenger evacuation time are still limited. This study established two evacuation scenarios of interval evacuation on elevated rail transit lines and put forward a new evacuation time measurement method, based on the concept of ‘evacuation time for passengers leaving the evacuation walkway risk zone’. Then, the evacuation time for 90 combinations of entrance widths and walkway widths was simulated by a multi-agent evacuation simulator, Pathfinder, considering 1032 passengers being evacuated both unidirectionally and bidirectionally. The results show that the entrance width and walkway width have a combined effect on passenger evacuation time. An increase in the walkway width from 0.7 m to 1.5 m may potentially reduce the evacuation time by 54.5% in unidirectional evacuation, and 35.2% in bidirectional evacuation. An increase in the entrance width results in a noticeable evacuation time fluctuation when the walkway width is 0.7 and 0.8 m for both evacuation scenarios, while in a bidirectional evacuation, a noticeable fluctuation also can be observed when the walkway width is within the range of 1.4–1.5 m. According to the study, a potentially good design parameter combination for a newly built evacuation walkway is 1.3 m and 1.4 m for the walkway width and entrance width, respectively. The findings from this study may provide a useful reference in the optimization of the design of evacuation facilities and improvement of passenger evacuation safety in rail transit systems.

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The Management of Uncertainty: Model for Evaluation of Human Error Probability in Railway System

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Prioritization of hazards by means of a QFD- based procedure

Prioritization of hazards by means of a QFD- based procedure

The role of BIM for safety and security management

Influence of Evacuation Walkway Design Parameters on Passenger Evacuation Time along Elevated Rail Transit Lines Using a Multi-Agent Simulation

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