The Management of Prodromal Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder: Available Options and Future Perspectives

Abstract

The onset of prodromal symptoms in subjects who are at familial or clinical risk for bipolar disorder could be considered as an important alarm bell for the development of the disease and should be carefully detected. The management of prodromes in bipolar high-risk patients appears to be an important means of prevention; nevertheless, at the moment, there aren’t clear and widely shared treatment indications. The aim of this review is to summarize the available treatment options (pharmacological, psychosocial and nutraceutical) for the management of prodromal symptoms in subjects who are at familial or clinical risk for bipolar disorder.

Discovery of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Deficiency in Individuals With Common Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Retrospective Case Review

“…This is appealing for both adult and pediatric psychiatry because of the lack of adverse drug events that would come from using nutritional supplementation as treatment. Similar results have also been reported in the treatment of Bipolar I disorders in which folic acid was shown to help prevent manic episodes [ 30 ].…”

Hubungan Efikasi Diri Dengan Tingkat Depresi Pada Lansia Dengan Penderita Stroke Di Rsi Sultan Agung Semarang

“…Fase prodomal ini ditandai dengan kecemasan,gangguan tidur dan gejala hypomanic di bawah ambang (Supriani et al, 2011). Identifikasi gejala prodomal ini sangat penting untuk memilih strategi intervensi awal yang dapat mencegah atau menunda perkembangan bipolar disorder atau ganguan bipolar, mengurangi total waktu sakit, mengurangi efek samping neuroplastisitas karena episode suasana hati yang berulang (Del Favero et al, 2021). Faktor yang mempengaruhi penyebab munculnya depresi pada pasien stroke diantaranya usia, jenis kelamin, status pernikahan, dan efikasi diri (Donsu et al, 2014).…”

What are the Elements to Identify the Anticipatory Signs of Mania or Depression When Bipolar Disorder is Present?

“…What should be remembered is that we are in the stone age of knowledge of the anticipatory signs of mania or depression in treated bipolar patients. It is therefore necessary to look for these signs, which are so important in the genesis of manic or depressive episodes [16]. The psychiatrist can sometimes, but often after the fact, discover these signs with the patient, which can provide warning in the future.…”