The management of mucosal fenestration: a report of two cases

Abstract

* Connective tissue grafts can be used to manage mucosal fenestration. * Periradicular surgery and connective tissue grafts can be used in combination.

Orthodontic treatment of a mandibular incisor fenestration resulting from a broken retainer

“…What differentiates the case described by Pazera et al from our patient is that in our patient, the apex and the root did not completely perforate the buccal cortical bone and therefore resulted in minor gingival recession only. According to Chen et al, 10 when the apex perforates the soft tissue and is exposed to the intraoral environment, it worsens the prognosis of the tooth because of the contamination; consequently, the strategy of treatment also changes. In our patient, orthodontic treatment with both endodontic and surgical procedures was necessary to improve the treatment outcome.…”

Effects of Bone Graft Materials on the Microhardness of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

“…Control wells (n = 60) contained no graft material. Simulated body fluid (SBF) (165 mL) was added to each well 10 minutes after graft material placement; SBF has a pH of 7.40 and contains concentrations of the following ions similar to that found in human blood: Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Cl À , HCO 3 À , HPO 4 2-, SO 4 2-, and was prepared as previously described (15).…”

“…Graft materials used include xenografts (eg, bovine bone) (2), freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) (3), and demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) (4). The placement of resorbable graft materials might facilitate hard tissue healing after apicoectomies, especially for large lesions (5), lesions that violate both buccal and lingual cortical plates (6), and in apicomarginal defects (7).…”

Treatment of Large Apical Lesions with Mucosal Fenestration: A Clinical Study with Long-term Evaluation

“…Several reports have mentioned that mucosal fenestration is more commonly observed in the anterior region (1)(2)(3)(4). Factors predisposing to mucosal fenestration include a thin cortical alveolar bone, a buccally inclined root, chronic periapical inflammation with bone destruction, tooth malposition, and orthodontic movement (1,2,(4)(5)(6).…”

“…To achieve predictable wound healing for such lesions, combined endodontic treatments and periodontal surgeries are usually needed. Furthermore, various periodontal techniques, including excision of the epithelial margin with primary closure of the mucosal defect (4), a flap procedure for closure of the fenestration (5, 7), soft tissue graft coverage (1,6), and a combination of osseous and connective tissue grafting procedures (1), have been suggested.…”