The management of eosinophilic gastroenteritis

Abstract

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a rare disorder characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract. No medication at present is approved by the Food and drug administration of United States for the treatment of EG. The rarity of the disease limits our experience with the different management options. It also limits the ability to conduct randomized controlled trials that could clearly delineate the efficacy of new therapeutic agents. This review assesses the various management options that have been tried on patients with EG.

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“…Discussion: EG, first described by Kaijser in 1937 [1][2][3][4] , is a rare disease which forms part of a spectrum of disorders associated with eosinophilic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. [1][2][3][4][5] The pathophysiology of EG is unclear, although an association with atopy and hypersensitivity to food antigens has been described. [1][2][3][4][5] The disease has a slight male preponderance 1,2 and peak incidence occurs in the third to fifth decades of life.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The pathophysiology of EG is unclear, although an association with atopy and hypersensitivity to food antigens has been described. [1][2][3][4][5] The disease has a slight male preponderance 1,2 and peak incidence occurs in the third to fifth decades of life. [1][2][3]5 The clinical presentation of EG varies with the layer of the gastrointestinal tract involved.…”

“…[1][2][3]5 The clinical presentation of EG varies with the layer of the gastrointestinal tract involved. [1][2][3][4][5] Symptoms may be related to specific foods. [1][2][3][4][5] Mucosal EG, the predominant subtype, presents with abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea, through malabsorption, protein-losing enteropathy and gastrointestinal bleeding leading to iron-deficiency anaemia may occur in severe cases.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Symptoms may be related to specific foods. [1][2][3][4][5] Mucosal EG, the predominant subtype, presents with abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea, through malabsorption, protein-losing enteropathy and gastrointestinal bleeding leading to iron-deficiency anaemia may occur in severe cases. [1][2][3]5 Muscular EG is associated with gastric outlet and/or intestinal obstruction.…”

“…[1][2][3]5 Muscular EG is associated with gastric outlet and/or intestinal obstruction. [1][2][3][4][5] Serosal EG is the rarest form and characterised by abdominal ascites. [1][2][3]5 Clinical suspicion of EG should be raised in patients complaining of gastrointestinal symptoms with a history of atopy.…”