The Mammalian Blood Platelet in Health and Disease

Tocantins, Leandro M.

doi:10.1097/00005792-193805000-00001

Cited by 163 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…It is possible that a rise in plasma histamine has resulted because of the marked decrease in the numbers of circulating platelets and white blood cells (37,38). Similar decreases have been reported in the dog administered endotoxin (22) and in various forms of shock in man and animals (39)(40)(41). Histamine may possibly be released from the bound form in whole blood to the circulating form in plasma (25,42), and from tissue such as muscle (43) or lung (44), or from various other sources (37).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Histamine Release and Endotoxin Shock in the Primate*

Hinshaw¹,

Jordan²,

Vick³

1961

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Histamine Release and Endotoxin Shock in the Primate*

Hinshaw¹,

Jordan²,

Vick³

1961

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…If there are substances in normal serum other than thrombin that cause platelet aggregation, these substances apparently do not react with trypsinized platelets. Certain chemical and other foreign agents seemingly unrelated to coagulation also can produce platelet aggregation (42,43). In our experiments trypsinized platelets retained their ability to react with rabbit-antihuman platelet serum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Mechanism of Action of Thrombin on Platelets*

Schmid¹,

Jackson²,

Conley³

1962

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Shwartzman has pointed out (3) that during the course of the bacteremia or toxemia which occurs in various infectious diseases, conditions exist which are analogous to those occurring during the second stage of the Shwartzman phenomenon. Tocantins, in an extensive review of the literature on blood platelets (30), notes that marked reductions in the numbers of circulating platelets have been observed during the acute phase of some diseases, e.g., typhoid fever and pneumococcal pneumonia. The possibility that phenomena analogous to those reported in the present study may be operating during the course of such infectious diseases would seem to merit further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Mechanism of the Shwartzman Phenomenon

Stetson

1951

Journal of Experimental Medicine

171

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In an earlier study (1) an attempt was made to determine whether there might be a demonstrable biochemical abnormality in skin prepared for the Shwartzman phenomenon. Investigation of the carbohydrate metabolism of such prepared skin sites revealed the presence of a striking and consistent deviation from normal, in the form of a pronounced degree of aerobic glycolysis. As a result of this atypical form of glucose utilization, such skin sites contain large amounts of lactic acid. It was suggested that the ultimate blood vessel disruption might be due to the action of proteolytic enzymes or "cathepsins," and it was pointed out that the occurrence of aerobic glycolysis provided local conditions favoring the action of such enzymes. Evidence was subsequeutly presented (2) to indicate that the observed aerobic glycolysis in prepared skin sites was largely due to the influx of exudate polymorphonuclear leucocytes, rather than to a direct alteration of the metabolism of intrinsic skin elements by the intradermally injected toxin.In the present study, attention was turned to the changes which occur following the intravenous challenging injection, in an effort to ascertain the nature of the mechanisms involved in the final blood vessel damage and the production of hemorrhagic necrosis. Evidence will be presented to indicate that the capillaries and veins in skin areas prepared for the Shwartzman phenomenon exhibit a marked vulnerability to a peculiar sort of cellular thrombosis induced by the challenging injection. The resulting damage to the involved blood vessels and the surrounding tissue elements constitutes a type of tassue damage which, it is believed, has not been previously described. Materials and MethodsAniraals.--Hybrid male and female rabbits, weighing 1500 to 2000 gin., from the Rockefeller Institute stock were used throughout the experiments. Litter-mate controls were used

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The Mammalian Blood Platelet in Health and Disease

Cited by 163 publications

References 0 publications

Histamine Release and Endotoxin Shock in the Primate*

Histamine Release and Endotoxin Shock in the Primate*

Mechanism of Action of Thrombin on Platelets*

Studies on the Mechanism of the Shwartzman Phenomenon

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