The MALINA oceanographic expedition: how do changes in ice cover, permafrost and UV radiation impact biodiversity and biogeochemical fluxes in the Arctic Ocean?

Abstract

Abstract. The MALINA oceanographic campaign was conducted during summer 2009 to investigate the carbon stocks and the processes controlling the carbon fluxes in the Mackenzie River estuary and the Beaufort Sea. During the campaign, an extensive suite of physical, chemical and biological variables were measured across seven shelf–basin transects (south–north) to capture the meridional gradient between the estuary and the open ocean. Key variables such as temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured onboard the Canadian research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen and from a barge in shallow coastal areas or for sampling within broken ice fields. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to compile and standardize the collected data sets that will facilitate their reuse in further studies of the changing Arctic Ocean. The data set is available at https://doi.org/10.17882/75345 (Massicotte et al., 2020).

Biogeochemical River Runoff Drives Intense Coastal Arctic Ocean CO2 Outgassing

“…Once in shallow waters, tPOC is resuspended from bottom sediments to the water column (Jong et al., 2020) and transported farther offshore (Forest et al., 2014). Resuspension cycles constantly bring tPOC back to surface waters where it can be oxidized (Galeron et al., 2018; Massicotte et al., 2021) and degraded by bacteria to be ultimately outgassed as CO 2 (Jong et al., 2020). However, representing tPOC in regional models is not trivial as it requires coupling with bottom sediments and fine grid resolution in order to resolve the physical (i.e., tides, waves) and biogeochemical processes that drive tPOC dynamics.…”

Performance of Algorithms for Retrieving Chlorophyll a Concentrations in the Arctic Ocean: Impact on Primary Production Estimates

“…The Arctic dataset that we used to evaluate the algorithms was gathered from the following five cruises: the France-Canada-USA joint Arctic campaign MALINA [27], ICESCAPE (Impacts of Climate on Ecosystems and Chemistry of the Arctic Pacific Environment) 2010 and 2011 [28], TARA Oceans Polar Circle expedition [29] and the GREEN EDGE project [30]. Sampling of MALINA and GREEN EDGE (ship operation) was conducted aboard the Canadian icebreaker CCGS Amundsen.…”

“…The datasets used in this study can be found at MALINA [27], ICESCAPEs [28], TARA [29], GREEN EDGE [30] and PPARR [38].…”

Performance of Algorithms for Retrieving Chlorophyll a Concentrations in the Arctic Ocean: Impact on Primary Production Estimates

“…The Arctic dataset that we used to evaluate the algorithms was gathered from the following five cruises: the France-Canada-USA joint Arctic campaign MALINA [25], ICESCAPE (Impacts of Climate on Ecosystems and Chemistry of the Arctic Pacific Environment) 2010 and 2011 [26], Tara Oceans Polar Circle expedition [27], and the GREEN EDGE project [28]. Sampling of MALINA and GREEN EDGE (ship operation) was conducted aboard the Canadian icebreaker CCGS Amundsen.…”

“…The datasets used in this study can be found at MALINA [25], ICESCAPEs [26], TARA [27], GREEN EDGE [28], and PPARR [36].…”