The male disadvantage in life expectancy: can we close the gender gap?

Hossin, Muhammad Zakir

doi:10.1093/inthealth/ihaa106

Cited by 26 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In other words: health inequity (measured by life expectancy at district level) in contemporary Germany crystallizes quite clearly when life expectancy is operationalized as remaining life expectancy at older ages. Thus it comes to no surprise at all that the well-known 'gender gap in life expectancy' [84][85][86][87] can also be found when regarding remaining life expectancy at older ages.…”

Section: Analyzing Potential Predictors Of Men's and Women's Remaining Life Expectancy At Age 60 Using Multivariate Regression Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Determinants of Remaining Life Expectancy at Age 60: A District-Level Analysis in Germany

Siegel

Schug

2022

IJERPH

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Remaining life expectancy at age 60 (in short: RLE) is an important indicator of the health status of a population’s elders. Until now, RLE has not been thoroughly investigated at the district level in Germany. In this study we analyzed, based on recent publicly available data (2015–2017), and for men and women separately, how large the RLE differences were in Germany across the 401 districts. Furthermore, we examined a wide range of potential social determinants in terms of their bivariate and multivariate (i.e., partial) impact on men’s and women’s RLE. Men’s district-level RLE ranged between 19.89 and 24.32 years, women’s district-level RLE between 23.67 and 27.16 years. The best single predictor both for men’s and women’s RLE at district level was ‘proportion of employees with academic degree’ with standardized partial regression coefficients of 0.42 (men) and 0.51 (women). Second and third in rank were classic economic predictors, such as ‘household income’ (men), ‘proportion of elder with financial elder support’ (women), and ‘unemployment’ (men and women). Indicators expressing the availability of medical services and staffing levels of nursing homes and services had at best a marginal partial impact. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence that a population’s educational level is a decisive determinant of population health resp. life expectancy in contemporary industrialized societies.

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Section: Analyzing Potential Predictors Of Men's and Women's Remaining Life Expectancy At Age 60 Using Multivariate Regression Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Determinants of Remaining Life Expectancy at Age 60: A District-Level Analysis in Germany

Siegel

Schug

2022

IJERPH

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“…Both are associated with a higher risk of neonatal mortality and many other problems, such as feeding difficulties and delayed milestones. 14 Receipt of antenatal care is integral to the wellbeing of a foetus, 16,17,18 and our study showed that neonates whose mothers did not receive any ante-natal care were a slightly increased risk of death (OR: 1.61 [95% Cl 1.01-2.57]). Tietzmann et al noted a similar relationship between the number of antenatal visits and neonatal mortality, noting that mothers who had less than four antenatal visits had a higher incidence of neonatal mortality, (OR: 1.21 [95% Cl 1.05-1.40)].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Factors Leading to Morbidity and Mortality in Neonates Presenting to Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi

Aslam

Ahmed²,

Zaman³

et al. 2022

PAFMJ

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Objective: To determine the frequency and association of different risk factors for morbidity and mortality in neonates. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatrics, Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Nov 2021 to Apr 2022. Methodology: A total of 332 patients (166 cases and 166 controls) admitted in the neonatal intensive care setting were includedin our study. Patients who were stillborn or had incomplete records were excluded. All patients were followed up till discharge or death and were documented for various risk factors. Results: The mean age of our study population was 11.52 ± 6.45 days, with 176 (53.0%) males. Risk factors such as low birthweight (2.06 [95% Cl 1.20-3.54]), multiple gestations (2.09 [95% Cl 1.87-2.35]), premature delivery (1.61 [95% Cl 1.01-2.57]),male gender (1.62 [95% Cl 1.05-2.51]) and lack of antenatal care (1.61 [95% Cl 1.01-2.57]) showed an association with mortality.Early-onset neonatal sepsis (1.78 [95% Cl 0.98-3.22]), hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (3.01 [95% Cl 1.55-5.82]), meconiumaspiration syndrome (2.42 [95% Cl 0.97-6.05]), congenital anomalies (4.15 [95% Cl 0.87 – 19.85]) and inborn errors of metabolism (7.26 [95% Cl 0.88-59.71]) were all associated with an increase in mortality. Conclusion: Increased risk for mortality in critically ill neonates is multifactorial and requires intervention at multiple levels to reduce mortality at all phases of gestation.

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“…Previous studies also reported differences in cognitive function between males and females [ 13 , 51 ]. Genetic variations between females and males, as well as gender variations in the pattern of lifestyle behaviors, are potential causes of such differences [ 52 ]. We further investigated the “dietary–smoking–gender” three-way interaction effects of each food separately, and we found that “meat” and “fish or seafood” contributed most to the gender variations in interactions between smoking in the past and dietary diversity with respect to cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of “Diet–Smoking–Gender” Three-Way Interactions on Cognitive Impairment among Chinese Older Adults

et al. 2022

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Investigations on gender variations in the risk factors of cognitive impairment are required to promote future precision medicine among older adults, as well as to contribute to a better understanding of the “male–female health-survival paradox”. With this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of “diet–smoking–gender” three-way interactions on cognitive impairments among Chinese older adults. We conducted a 16-year prospective cohort study among 15,953, 15,555, 16,849, 9716, 7116, and 13,165 older adults from the 2002, 2005, 2008–2009, 2011–2012, 2014, and 2017–2018 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), respectively. Cognitive impairment was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated using the CLHLS food frequency questionnaire. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to assess the “diet–smoking–gender” three-way interaction effects on cognitive impairment across the six waves of CLHLS. We found that higher dietary diversity was associated with lower probability of cognitive impairment among older adults (OR = 0.92; 95%CI = 0.90, 0.98). However, smoking behavior may negatively influence the protective effect of higher dietary diversity on cognitive function among females (OR = 1.26; 95%CI = 1.07, 1.49). Our findings imply that we should take gender differences and lifestyle behaviors into consideration in implementing dietary interventions to improve cognitive function among older adults.

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The male disadvantage in life expectancy: can we close the gender gap?

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Social Determinants of Remaining Life Expectancy at Age 60: A District-Level Analysis in Germany

Social Determinants of Remaining Life Expectancy at Age 60: A District-Level Analysis in Germany

Factors Leading to Morbidity and Mortality in Neonates Presenting to Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi

The Effects of “Diet–Smoking–Gender” Three-Way Interactions on Cognitive Impairment among Chinese Older Adults

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