whose chapter and paragraph numbers I cite; see also the "Introduction historique" by Gilbert Dagron (17-46) and the "Commentaire" by Déroche and Dagron (230-73), as well their new prefaces in the republication Juifs et chrétiens en Orient byzantin, Bilans de Recherche 5 (Paris: Association des amis du Centre d'histoire et civilisation de Byzance, 2010), 7-16. All translations from the Doctrina are my own; my full translation of the text may be found at http://andrewjacobs.org /translations/doctrina.html.2. The only non-Jewish voice, the eparch George's, appears in the opening chapters, which only survive in Slavonic and Arabic translations.3. On the date, see Dagron, "Commentaire," 246-47; Pieter W. van der Horst,